6/10 Flashcards
yersinia pestis
bubonic plague
pneumonic
septicaemic
epidemiology of y. pestis
fleas of wild rodents (prairie dogs)
killed 25% of london (population without antibiotics)
1st epidemiological study
weaponized
virulence of y. pestis
capsule
toxins
iron acquisition
many located on plasmids
endemic areas y. pestis
w. n. america, s. asia southern and west africa
mainly in warm monthes temp above 27 degrees stops production of coagulase that blocks flea proventriculus
reservoir
tolerant rodent
transmission y. pestis
flea- or airbourne multiplication in proventriculus oral in cats (ingestion of inf rodents) human: flea, contact of dead animals aerosol transmission (pnuemonic form)
pathogenesis y. pestis
fleas feed from inf host
bact block preoventriculus and contaminates feeding site
bacteria killed and inflammation
some survive in macrophages
secrete proteins to protect against phagocytosis
cats y. pestis
after ingestion of inf pray
fever depression sneezing cough CNS disturbance, lyphadenitis, tonsillitis, cranial and cervical edema, pneumonia, mortality
y. pestis tx
very little resistance- Antibiotics
Yersina psuedotuberculosis
closely related to y. pestis zoonotic facultative intracellular gram - cell wall endotoxin adhesins toxins on plasmids iron uptake
Yersina psuedotuberculosis- pathogenesis
birds rodents SEPSIS invades other tissues beyond the mesenteric lymph nodes
humans- oral uptake lyphoid tissue of intestine- colic
Yersina psuedotuberculosis in birds
fat liver dz, outdoor birds, transmitted by wild rodent s and birds.
apathy, reduced feed intake, and eventually diarrhea
ACUTE: large spleen w/ foci , enlarged liver
SUB and CHRONIC: very large spleen with foci of necrosis same with liver also on ceca and lungs
Yersina psuedotuberculosis dx
culture.
dx via necropsy
tx with antimicrobials chronic cases difficult (intracellular)
require long treatment, will excrete and increase inf pressure better to cull
occasionally in back yard turkeys (high mortality in young animals) acute sepsis with enteritis
Yersina enterocolitica
ileitis,
zoonosis: colic and diarrhea in human
serotype 09. cross rxn in serology with brucellosis
Yersina ruckeri
enteric red mouth dz of fish
systemic
salmon, trout
Shigella
Shiga toxin (closely related to e.coli)
providencia
opprotuistic pathogen of humans
mainly contamination
Citrobacter, enterobacter
lots of AB resistance (penicillin and cephalosporins)
Proteus
swarming bacteria (swirl on plate) post mortem- grows very well, contaminate facultative otitis and cystitis in dogs infecting ears after treatment
otitis in dogs
horizontal canal dirty ears, inflamed ears can dx in the clinic with methylene blue blue "droplets" larger malassezia pachydermatitis eliminate primary cause - foreign body
Morganella morganii
guinea pigs
pseudomonas
secondary inf. very resistant- lives in the environment gram neg rods motile obligate aerobic saprophytic mainly in water many species can adapt to humid hospital environments
P. aeruginosa
facultative symbiotic easy grower- smelly candy sweet large colonies blueish green pigmentation lactose negative oxidase positive
virulence P. aeruginosa
adherence - colonize on damaged surface endotoxin LPS - tissue destruction biofilm capsule iron aquisition
P. aeruginosa
cold blooded animals
secondary in mammals and birds
drinking water, humidity, reduced immunity
skin inf- rabbits (sleeping under water) and sheep “fleece rot”
microbiota disturbances
burn wound patients (humid)
P. aeruginosa in cats and dogs
pyoderma, cystitis, otitis externa, purulent processes (blue green pus), cornea ulcus
P. aeruginosa in horses
metritis vaginitis
eye- after tx with antibiotics and steroids.
