5C. Famine Stats Flashcards
What were the causes of the Famine Sept.1845-1852?
- Blight (fungal disease - potatoes) introduced Sept. 1845
- Absentee landlords + middle-man system
- Cottier class and small landholdings
- Monoculture potato farming
___ of the Irish population was dependent on agriculture in 1841?
Over 2/3 of the Irish population was dependent on agriculture in 1841.
In ___, ___% of holdings in Ireland were <___ acres.
In 1845, 45% of holdings in Ireland were <5 acres.
In the ____, there were ___ cottiers in Ireland.
In the 1840s, there were 300,000 cottiers in Ireland.
Before the Famine, ___ of Ireland’s agricultural output were potatoes.
Before the Famine, 1/5 of Ireland’s agricultural output were potatoes.
‘Lumper’ potatoes produce ___ tonnes of crop per acre.
‘Lumper’ potatoes produce 6-8 tonnes of crop per acre.
The average Irish cottier family ate ___ lb of potato per day.
The average Irish cottier family ate 10-15 lb of potato per day.
In 1845, ___ of the potato harvest was destroyed by blight.
In 1846, this ___ to ___.
1847 saw a ___ harvest with an ___ yield of potatoes.
In 1848, ___ of the potato harvest was destroyed again.
In 1845, 1/3 of the potato harvest was destroyed by blight.
In 1846, this increased to 3/4.
1847 saw a successful harvest with an average yield of potatoes.
In 1848, 1/3 of the potato harvest was destroyed again.
What were the impacts of the Famine Sept.1845-1852?
1 million dead by 1851
Over 1 million emigrated
West of Ireland most affected - 64% of holdings in Connaught <5 acres
Ireland’s fragile economic system exposed- consolidation of land
In ___, the population of Ireland was ___ million - in ___ this had declined to ___ million.
In 1845, the population of Ireland was 8 million - in 1851 this had declined to 6 million.
Before 1845, there were ___ Irish speakers in Ireland, however only ___ are recorded on the ___ survey.
Before 1845, there were 3-4 million Irish speakers in Ireland, however only 1.8 million are recorded on the 1851 survey.
The cottier class declined from ___ in ___ to___ by ___ .
During this period, the number of small farmers ___.
The cottier class declined from 300,000 in 1845 to 62,000 by 1851.
During this period, the number of small farmers halved.
Between ___ and ___ , the number of farms >___ acres increased from ___ to ___.
Between 1845 and 1851, the number of farms >35 acres increased from 277,000 to 314,000.
In the ___ years after the famine, the income for small farmers using pasture increased by ___.
In the 25 years after the famine, the income for small farmers using pasture increased by 2/3.
What were the central features of Peel’s relief strategy?
- Formation of Scientific Commission 1845
- Relief programme to buy Indian Corn
- Relief Commission to create Public Works
- Repealed Corn Laws
In ___ ___, £___ of Indian corn was bought.
In November 1845, £100,000 of Indian corn was bought.
The purchased Indian corn in ___ ___ was not great enough to compensate for £___ of lost potatoes.
The purchased Indian corn in November 1845 was not great enough to compensate for £3,500,000 of lost potatoes.
A programme of public works was established in ___ ___, funded ___ by government grants and the rest through voluntary donations.
A programme of public works was established in November 1845, funded 2/3 by government grants and the rest through voluntary donations.
The issue of the ___ caused Peel’s government to ___ in___ ___.
The issue of the Repeal of the Corn Laws caused Peel’s government to fall from power in June 1846.
The ___ __ ___ opened their first soup kitchen in ___.
The Society of Friends opened their first soup kitchen in 1846.
Within days of opening a soup kitchen in Waterford, the ___ __ ___ provided a bowl of soup with bread for ___ people, which increased in a _____ to ___ people, at the price of £___ a week.
Within days of opening a soup kitchen in Waterford, the Society of Friends provided a bowl of soup with bread for 180 people, which increased in a fortnight to 600 people, at the price of £6.25 a week.
What did the Gregory clause in the 1847 Irish Poor Law Extension Act and 1847 Poor Law Amendment Act state?
The Gregory clause stated that anyone occupying over 1/4 of an acre of land and refused to give up their possession was not deemed destitute and not eligible for relief by the Poor Rate.
In ___, ___ people were maintained in Ireland’s workhouses.
In 1849, 932,000 people were maintained in Ireland’s workhouses.
In ___, the Irish Poor Relief expended £___ a year, sourced from the Irish taxpayer.
in 1847, the Irish Poor Relief expended £1.7 million a year, sourced from the Irish taxpayer.
