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A&P 1 Lecture Topics > 5a - Extracellular Matrix, CT Membranes and Adipose Tissue > Flashcards

5a - Extracellular Matrix, CT Membranes and Adipose Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 extracelluar matrix components?

A

ground substance and protein fibers

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2
Q

what are the three types of protein fibers?

A

collagens, reticular proteins, and elastin

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3
Q

fibers that are flexible but resist stretching and bundled like ropes in parallel or crisscross directions are called ____

A

Collagen fibers

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4
Q

fibers that recoil after being stretched, and are crosslinked are called ____

A

elastic fibers

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5
Q

fibers that are assembled to form supporting frameworks within organs and used to organize cells and structural features are called ____

A

reticular fibers

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6
Q

____ fibers recoil after being stretched

A

elastic

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7
Q

Reticular fibers provide _____ _____

A

supporting framework

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8
Q

how many types of collagens are there?

A

over 20

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9
Q

Elastic connective tissue is rich in ____

A

elastin

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10
Q

Special reticular proteins are secreted by ____

A

reticulocytes

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11
Q

____ ____ provide membrane scaffolding through the plasma membrane

A

basement membrane

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12
Q

the basement membrane is ___ and ____ cell layers

A

porous; anchors

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13
Q

the serous membrane is made of these two things

A

dense regular CT and epithelia

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14
Q

serous membrane surrounds which organs?

A

heart, lungs and digestive organs

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15
Q

what is the pericardium

A

the serous membrane around the heart

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16
Q

what is the serous membrane called that surrounds the lungs and lining of the chest wall?

A

pleura

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17
Q

what is the serous membrane that surrounds digestive organs and abdominal cavity called?

A

peritoneum

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18
Q

what is the epithelial layer of the serous membrane called? Where does it sit?

A

mesothelium; rests on the basement membrane

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19
Q

what are the main functions of the serous membrane?

A
  1. lubrication
  2. anchoring organs in place
  3. attachment
  4. scaffolding for immune defense /protection
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20
Q

Which side of the serous membrane is against the organ?

A

visceral side

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21
Q

which side of the serous membrane is against the CT layer?

A

Parietal side

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22
Q

how does fluid enter and drain in the serous membrane?

A

fluid enters via the mesothelial layer and drains via limphatics

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23
Q

What are milky spots

A

clusters of white blood cells

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24
Q

the visceral pericardium overlays the surface of the ___

A

heart

25
Q

the ____ pericardium is a thick, fibrous sac made of dense irregular CT

A

parietal

26
Q

between the heart and lung - the periocardial sac is made of ___ and ___

A

perietal paricardium and parietal pleura

27
Q

Parietal ____ faces the heart

A

pericardium

28
Q

Parietal ____ faces the lung

A

Pleura

29
Q

What keeps the heart from swinging and flopping around?

A

the pericardium is attached to the diaphragm

30
Q

What is the visceral pleura?

A

the outer surface of the lungs - a thin fluid layer

31
Q

What does the parietal pleura adhere to ( 3 places)?

A
  1. diaphragm
  2. wall of the thoracic cavity
  3. outer surface of the parietal pericardium
32
Q

The parietal peritoneum lays against the walls of the ____ cavity

A

abdominal

33
Q

how many layers thick is the greater omentum? Where does it hang from?

A

4; the stomach

34
Q

What is the function of the greater omentum?

A

to patch up intestinal perforations due to abdominal injury

35
Q

What are meninges made of? How many layers?

A

Mostly made of CT; three layers

36
Q

what are the three layers of meninges?

A

pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater

37
Q

What is the important function of the meninges?

A

forms a fluid compartment in which the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) can be suspended

38
Q

What does the middle arachnoid mater retain?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

39
Q

Where are synovial membranes found?

A

in highly moveable joints

40
Q

what are highly moveable joints called?

A

synovial joints

41
Q

CT layers support capillaries that provide ___ ___ for nutrient/waste/gas exchange

A

synovial fluid

42
Q

articular cartilage is vascular or avascular?

A

avascular

43
Q

synoviocytes secrete ___ ____. Why is this important?

A

synovial fluid. provides lubrication for joints.

44
Q

What are the three types of adipose tissue?

A

brown, beige and white

45
Q

____ adipocytes are best known in babies

A

brown

46
Q

____ adipocytes are subcutaneous

A

beige

47
Q

____ adipocytes are normally yellow, provide stem cells for bone repair, is thermogenic, and can provide padding while storing energy

A

white

48
Q

brown and beige adipocytes have many lipid droplets and lots of ____

A

mitochondria

49
Q

____ adipocytes have a ___ lipid droplet with the nucleus and cytoplasm pushed to the side

A

white; single

50
Q

adipocytes are organized into ____

A

lobules

51
Q

what are the two main types of white adipose tissue in humans?

A

visceral (vWAT)
subcutaneous (sWAT)

52
Q

estrogen promotes ____ adipose deposition

A

subcutaneous

53
Q

testosterone promotes ___ adipose deposition

A

visceral

54
Q

thermogenic adipose tissue uses ___ ___ 1 to dissipate mitochondrial proton gradients and release heat

A

uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)

55
Q

which of the three adipocytes can change in response to temperature?

A

brown and beige

56
Q

What type of CT is pictured?

A

Elastic CT

57
Q

Which type of CT is pictured?

A

reticular CT

58
Q

Special reticular proteins are secreted by ____

A

Reticulocytes

59
Q
A

A&P 1 Lecture Topics (11 decks)

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