2 - Macromolecules Flashcards
Where are hydroxyl groups found in?
Alcohols and sugars
Where are carboxyl groups found?
Amino acids, fatty acids
Where are Aminos found?
Amino acids, proteins
Where is Sulfihydryl found?
Amino acid cysteine, proteins
Where is phosphate found?
ATP, nucleic acids
Name the functional group:
O-H
Hydroxyl
Name the Functional Group:
C-O=O-N
Carboxyl
Name the Functional Group:
N-C-C
Amino
Name the Functional Group:
S-H
Sulfihydryl
Name the Functional Group:
P-O-O-O-O -H-H
Phosphate
What is the composition of carbohydrates?
based on CH2O
What is the composition of lipids?
High CH content
What is the composition of proteins?
based on amino acids
What is the composition of nucleic acids?
based on nucleotides
What is the monomer and polymer of proteins?
amino acids (20 types);
polypeptides
What is the monomer and polymer of carbohydrates?
monosaccharide (glucose);
polysaccharide (glycogen, maltose)
What is the monomer and polymer of nucleic acid?
nucleotides, mononucleotides;
polynucleotides (DNA RNA)
What are the monomers and polymers of lipids?
None.
Describe the dehydration synthesis reaction.
when monomers join to form polymers and a water molecule is released and forms a covalent bond
Describe the hydrolysis reaction.
When polymers break into monomers taking in a water molecule in order to break the covalent bond
What is used to store glucose in animal cells?
Glycogen
What is glucose storage in plants?
Starch
Where is glycogen stored in our body?
Liver and skeletal muscle
What is a glycoprotein?
membrane proteins with an attached polysaccharide
