59. Ectoparasites Flashcards
Arachnids
Mites: mange, demodex
ticks
Insects
Fleas flies, lice
Larrvae
Botfly
warble fly
sheep nasal botfly,
blowfly
Types of ectorparasiticides
Affect adult (usually neuro toxic) Inhibit growth of insect Chemical -Organochlorines - Organophosphates - Carbamates -Pyrethrin and synthetic pytretroids - Fromamidine - Neonicitinoids - Spinosyns - semicarbazones - Isoxazolines
Organochlorines
Fly strike
Sheep scab
Chlorinated ethanol derivatives - DDT, DDE, DDD Cyclodienes - aldrin, dieldrin Hexachlorocyclohexames - HCH alpha, beta, delta, gamma MOA: Inhibit Na conductance or stimulated GABA Chlorine influx
Organophosphates
Azametiphos Chlorpyrifos Diazonon trichlorfon Dichlorvos Foxim
MOA: Cholinesterase inhibition ==> spastic paralysis
Antidote: atropine
Carbamates
Carbaryl, propoxur
Moa: reversible AchE inhibitor
Flea + ticks
Collar, shampoo
Pythrins or synthetic pythroids
Natural: Pyrethrine, jasmoline
Synthetic: bioailethrin, cyhalothrin, flumethrin,
deltamethrin, Permethrin (toxic in cats)
Moa: interfere with na+ channels: paralysis
Biting flies, ticks, lice
Pour on, spot on, aerosol
Formaidines (amidines)
Moa: MAO inhibition
Mites, ticks, larvae
Antidote: Atipamazole
Neonicotinyls
Imidacloprid
Fleas + lice
Not pregnant or nursing animals
Neochloronicotinyls
Dinotefuran
Nitenpyram
-Moa: hyperexcitability in insects:
>inhibit cholinergic transmission
- fleas
- safe for pregnant, nursing animals
Spinosyns
Spinosad
Flea
Moa: activates Ach receptor –> seizure = death
Phenylpyrazoles
Fipronil, pyripil
Insecticidal and acericidal
Moa: Gaba - hyperexcitability
Semi-carbazone derivative
Metaflumizone
Moa: inhibit Na channels
Flea
Very safe
Isoxazoline
Fluralaner Afoxolaner (nexguard) Moa: Gaba Cl- channel inhibitor Tick + flea 12 week killing action Bind to plasma proteins: interaction Ok: breeding/pregnant animals