5.4.15 Varho & Huutoniemi Flashcards
contingent
depending on something else in the future in order to happen
Futures studies is organized around the assumption that the issues it covers are contingent upon an infinite number of interrelated factors, lack ‘objective’ properties, and will not be resolved by scientific inquiry.
inquiry
(PROCESS)
C2 [C] an official process to discover the facts about something bad that has happened
Futures studies is organized around the assumption that the issues it covers are contingent upon an infinite number of interrelated factors, lack ‘objective’ properties, and will not be resolved by scientific inquiry.
Dissensus
widespread dissent
dissent:
a strong difference of opinion on a particular subject, especially about an official suggestion or plan or a popular belief
Dissensus-based Delphi
frugal
/ˈfruː.ɡəl/ careful when using money or food, or (of a meal) cheap or small in amount:
a frugal lifestyle
a frugal meal of bread and soup
hallmark
a typical characteristic or feature of a person or thing
According to the Dreyfuses’ phenomenological analysis (Dreyfus and Dreyfus 2005), intuitive judgement is the hallmark of expertise: While ‘deliberation’ is certainly used by experts, it is done for the purpose of improving intuition, not replacing it.
demarcated
to show the limits of something
Parking spaces are demarcated by white lines.
Responsibilities within the department are clearly demarcated.
on the basis of specific knowledge that is derived from practice or experience and which relates to a clearly demarcated range of problems, [experts] have created a situation where it is possible for their interpretations to structure the concrete field of action in a way that is meaningful
and guides action.
constellations
often humorous a group of famous or admired people all together in one place
At our annual ceremony we had a whole constellation of film stars and directors.
entanglement
a situation or relationship that you are involved in and that is difficult to escape from
An important aspect of expertise is the entanglement of objective and subjective knowledge.
trajectory
the curved path that an object follows after it has been thrown or shot into the air
even exactly the same education and job trajectory could not create two identical experts.
shed
(often used in newspapers) to get rid of something you do not need or want
Selinger and Crease (2002: 245) discuss subjectivity by emphasizing that expertise is built upon the person, and the ‘prejudices, ideologies, hidden agendas, or other forms of cultural embeddedness that person might have’ are not miraculously shed during the process of becoming an expert.
connotation
a feeling or idea that is suggested by a particular word although it need not be a part of the word’s meaning, or something suggested by an object or situation
Although such properties may have a negative connotation, it is through subjectivity that many positive aspects of expertise come about
در مورد واژه و عبارت) معنای ضمنی، دلالت مفهومی، بار معنایی)
assimilated
to become part of a group, country, society, etc., or to make someone or something become part of a group, country, society, etc
It is neither possible nor desirable to operate in a ‘vacuum’, as expert knowledge is assimilated into personal interpretations, and reflects the societal environment in which the expert operates.
laden
carrying or holding a lot of something:
He always comes back from France laden with presents for everyone.
The table, as always, was laden with food.
This future image is personal and value-laden, as what one person considers preferable might not be at all preferable to another.
scrutiny
C2 the careful and detailed examination of something in order to get information about it
The government’s record will be subjected to/come under (close) scrutiny in the weeks before the election.
Systematic scrutiny and critical reflection on these patterns is important for envisioning sustainable solutions.
