5.3.1 hormones in human reproduction Flashcards
what does reproductive hormones cause in puberty
secondary sex characteristics
what reproductive hormone do men produce
testosterone produced by testes
what reproductive hormone do women produce
oestrogen produced by the ovaries
what does oestrogen play a role in
menstrual cycle and breast development
what is ovulation
eggs in the ovaries begin to mature and one is released approximately every 28 days
how many stages are there in the menstrual cycle
4
- what is the first stage of the menstrual cycle
loss of lining in the uterus (menstruation)
- what is the second stage of the menstrual cycle
winning of the uterus starts to thicken
- what is the third stage of the menstrual cycle
14 days in the egg travels down the oviduct towards the uterus (ovulation)
- what is the fourth stage pf the menstrual cycle
the lining is maintained ready to accept fertilised egg
what are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle
FSH, LH, Oestrogen, Progesterone
what does FSH do
causes maturation of an egg in the ovary
what does LH do
stimulates the release of the egg
what do oestrogen and progesterone do
involved in maintaining the uterus lining with oestrogen created in ovaries and progesterone is a empty egg follicle
where is FSH produced and what does it stimulate
it is stored in the pituitary gland and stimulates a the development of a follicle in the ovary
what happens inside the follicle and what is produced
an egg matures inside a follicle and oestrogen is produced (FSH stimulates production of oestrogen)
what does oestrogen do tp the lining of the uterus
growth and repair of the lining of the uterus wall and inhibits the production of FSH
what happens at day 14 when there is a high enough level of oestrogen
it stimulates the release of LH from the pituitary gland which causes ovulation
what happens to the follicle
becomes a corpus luteum and starts producing progesterone
what does progesterone do
maintains thickness of the uterus wall
what happens if there is no fertilisation
corpus lumen breaks down and progesterone levels start to drop
what happens when the corpus lumen breaks down
period (menstruation)
what happens throughout pregnancy
lining stays same thickness, progesterone is regular produced, and placenta develops
differences between FSH and LH
FSH - causes an egg to start maturing in the ovary, It also stimulates the ovaries to start releasing oestrogen
LH - stimulates pituitary gland, when oestrogen
levels have reached their peak
LH causes ovulation to occur and also stimulates the ovary to produce progesterone
