5.2 Respiration Flashcards
Where does glycolysis occur?
Cytoplasm - aerobic process
Glucose - Pyruvate intermediates
Glucose - Glucose Phosphate - Triose Phosphate - Pyruvate
Glucose - Glucose Phosphate reactants
ATP - Phosphorylation to make glucose more reactive
Glucose Phosphate - Triose Phosphate reactants
Phosphorylated again (hexose bisphosphate) which splits into triose phosphate
Triose Phosphate - Pyruvate reactants
4 x ADP + Pi
2 x NAD
What happens to the produced pyruvate in glycolysis?
Actively transported to the matrix of mitochondria
Why is glycolysis evidence for evolution?
Universal feature of all living organisms
Aerobic respiration products
Ethanol (yeast and plants)
Lactate (animals and some bacteria)
Pyruvate - Acetate reactants
- CO2 produced (decarboxylated)
- NAD
4C compound - 6C compound reactants
Acetyl CoA
6C compound - 5C compound reactants
- NAD
5C compound - 4C compound reactants
- 2x NAD
- 1X FAD
- 1X ADP + Pi
What is substrate level phosphorylation?
Direct transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule onto another molecule (substrate) to make it more reactive
How does oxidative phosphorylation produce ATP?
1) rFAD / rNAD oxidised and release H which split into H+ and e-
2) e- move down electron transport chain, losing energy
3) Energy used to actively transport (pump) H+ from matrix into intermembrane space
4) Electrochemical gradient formed of H+
5) H+ moves down electochemical gradient through ATP synthase
6) Movement drives condensation between ADP + Pi
7) H+, e- and O2 combine to form water
Why is O2 the terminal e- acceptor
The last molecule to react with the e- to produce water which does not react further
