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BTMA 317 > 5.2 database approach > Flashcards

5.2 database approach Flashcards

1
Q

file management environment

A

original old timey way of data management

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2
Q

data file

A

collection of logically related records

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3
Q

what is the benefit of using a database?

A

eliminates many problems of old file maangemt systems

-> all users can access to al of the data
->reduce DATA REDUNDANCY!
->reduce DATA ISOLATION!
-> reduce DATA INCONSISTENCY!

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4
Q

Data redundancy

A

the same data are stored in multiple locations

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5
Q

Data Isolation

A

applications cant access data associated with other applications

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6
Q

Data inconsistency

A

various copies of the data do not agree

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7
Q

benefits of database systems?

A

1) data security
2) data integrity
3) data independance

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8
Q

data security- important to the database

A

since all the data is in one place, we need A LOT OF DATA SECURITY!!!!

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9
Q

data integrity- important to the database

A

data must meet certain constraints- there are no alphabetic characters in the sin fieldd

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10
Q

data independance- importnt to the database

A

applications and data are independant of one another- that is, applications and data are not linked to each othe. so all applications are able to access the same data

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11
Q

The Data Hierarchy

A

bits -> databases

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12
Q

What is a bit

A

BINARY DIGIT, represents the smallest unit of data a computer can proccess

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13
Q

Binary

A

means that a bit consist only of a 0 or 1

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14
Q

What is a group of eight bits

A

byte

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15
Q

Byte

A

-8 bits, represents asingle character

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16
Q

Examples of a byte

A

a letter, a number, or a symbol

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17
Q

what is a collection of bytes calles

A

a FIELD (that is a small group of words, word, or an ID number)

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18
Q

What is a Field

A

describes an entity, can contain data other than text and numbers

(Collection of bytes)

19
Q

What is a logical grouping of related fields called

A

a record

20
Q

what is a recrod

A

collection of related fields

EX: the apple tunes store is the record, the songs are fields

21
Q

What is a logical grouping of related records called?

A

a data file or a TABLE

22
Q

WHAT is a data file/ table

A

related records

23
Q

what is a logical grouping of related files

A

database

24
Q

bit, byte, field, record, table, database

A

this is the order

25
Q

what is a database management system DBMs

A

set of programs that gives users the tools to create and maange a database

26
Q

what

A
27
Q

what does managing a database mean

A

process of adding delecting accessing modifying and analyzing data !!

28
Q

how can an org acccess the data in a database

A

using query and reporting tools that are part of the dbms

29
Q

example of a database architetctures

A

relational database model is popular and easy to use

EX: microsoft accesss and oracle

30
Q

what is the relational database model

A

-Tables usually have rows and columns

-the relational database contains tables!! and connects tables!

31
Q

why is the relational database model not one big table/ flat file

A

because this would involve too much data redundancy (different funcitonal areas needing the same info)

32
Q

how is data in the relational database organized

A

with the data model

33
Q

what is an entity

A

a person. place, a thing, or an event

customer, employe, product, invoice, store

34
Q

which level of the data hierarchy is the entity?

A

records are usually entities

35
Q

what is an instance of an entity?

A

each row in an entity table! specific, unique representation of the entity

this would be the numeric data NOT THE ATTRIBUTE!!

36
Q

what is each characterisitc of an entity called

A

the attribute!!!

EX: Customer entity
Age, address, name, preference

37
Q

What is a primary key, and why is it important?

A

every record (entity) in the database must contain at least one field that identifies that record (entity)

UNIQUE IDENTIFIER!! THIS IS THE PRIMARY KEY

38
Q

what is a secondary key

A

another field that has some identify ingo about an entity, but does not identify the record completely!!!

ex: instead of the students UCID, you use their major

39
Q

Foreign key

A

a field or sereral fields that like one table to another table@@

40
Q

what is big data

A

huge quantitis of data
(diverse, high volume, high velocity)

-unstructured
EX: (EMAIL MESSAGES, VIDEOS, IMAGES, AUDIO FIELDS)

41
Q

strucutred data

A

highly organized in fixed field in a relational database

42
Q

4 categories of big data

A

1) traditional enterprise data
2) machine/sensor generated data
3) social data (blogs/feedback)
4)images captured by machines

43
Q

3 characteristics of big data

A

VOLUME: lots of data (tradiitonal=invoices, non traditional=clicks)

VELOCITY: flowing at a high rate

VARIETY: more and more TYPES OF DATA

44
Q
A

BTMA 317 (21 decks)

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