13.3 Traditional systems dev life cycle Flashcards
What is sdlc
systems development life cycle
whata re the 6 processes in sdlc
1) systems investigation
2) systems analysis
#) systems design
4) programming and testing
5) implementation
6) operation and maintenance
if there are errors in one stage of sdlc
devs go back to the last stage
who is on the development teams
users, system analysts, programmers, and technical specialists
who are users on the devlelopment teams
employees from diff functional areas
what are system analysts
IS progessionals who specifalize in analyzing and designing info systems
what are programmers
IS progessionals who either modify existing programs or write new programs to satisfy user requriements
who are technical specialists
experts on certain tech (Databases, or telecommunications)
whoa re systems stakeholdershs
ALL people affected by company’s change in IS
When do users have high involvement in the SDLC
early stages, and later stages
When do Developers have involvement with the SDLC
more in the middle
-SYSTEMS DESIGN
-PROGRAMMING AND TESTING
-Implementation
First step of SDLC: Systems Investigation
the more time they invest in
1) understanding the business problem to be solved
2) specifying the technical options for the systems
3) anticipating the problems they are likely to encounter during development, the greater the chance of success
what does SYSTEMS INVESTIGATION do
address the business problem/ business opportunity, by using the FEASIBILITY study!
What are 3 solutions the org has to any business problem
1) do nothing and continue to use the existing system
2) modify or enhance the existing system
3) develop a new system
what is the feasibility study
analyzes which of 3 solutions best fits a business problem
analyzes, technical economic and behavioural feasibility
SDLC stage one: what is technical feasibility
can the company develop/acquire the hardware, software and communications components needed to solve the business problem?
SDLC stage one: economic feasibility
determines whether the project is an acceptable financial risk, wether the org has necessary time and money to succesfully complete the project
(examples of tests: NPV, ROI, breakeven analysis, business case approach)
Behavioural feasibility:
addresses the human issues of the systems dev project
What does the go/no-go decision (in SDLC stage one) depend on
the feasibility study
what are all of the systems acquistion methods
1) SDLC (traditional systems dev)
2) Prototyping
3) Joint Application Design (JAD)
4) Integrated computer assisted seng (ICASE)
5)Rapid App Dev
6) end user dev
6) Object-oriented dev
LOOK AT TABLE 13.2
please it is so big and for what
stage 2 SDLC: Systems Analysis
process when systems analysts examine business problems, gather info about existing system, or find requiments of a new system
this stage creates a DELIVERABLE!!! part of the system requirments
Stage 3 of SDLC: systems design:
describes how the system will resolve the business problem
this stage creates the technical system specifications:
-system outputs, inputs, etc
-hardware, software, databases
-blueprint of how these components are integrated
once specifications are approved, they are FROZEN to prevent scope creep
what is it called when you are adding functions after project begins
SCOPE CREEP!!! time frame and expenses associated w the project expand beyond limits
is scope creep good?
NO!! increases the time and budget of the project
Stage 4 SDLC: programming and testing
translating design dpecifications into code! only happens if company is doing programming in house
Stage 5 of SDLC: implementation/deployment
process of converting old computer system into a new one, end users and MIS dept work together to implement change
3 types of implementation +1 not used today:
a) direct conversion
b) pilot conversion
c) phased conversion
d) parallel conversion
direct conversion
old system is cut off and new system turned on at SAME TIME
(CHEAPEST CONVERSION) (rISKIEST CONVERSION BC old system is not there)
pilot conversion
new system introduced in part of org, and after a period of time, then the whole org adopts it!!!
phased convversion
company introduce individual modules of convesion in stages
what sort of conversion do most companies do
DIRECT conversion
what sort of conversion do large companies do
combo of phased and pilot conversion
parallel conversion
old and new systems operate together for a while, but this strategy is not used today!
doing everything 2x is wasteful
Stage 6 of SDLC: operation and maintenance
the new system is used, until one day it needs to changee, then we will restart cycle
also we might have to do some maintenance like debugging, updating, and adding new functions
