5.2 - Canada Flashcards

what was the significance of the revolts against British rule in the Canadas in the years 1837-38?

1
Q

why were the Reformers not fulfilled in the early 1830s?

A

the difficulty the Whigs faced in introducing parliamentary reform in Britain itself (aka Britain didn’t have democracy itself at the time so how was it gonna give it to Canada)

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2
Q

when was the Howick Act passed?

A

1831

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3
Q

what did the Howick Act do?

A
  • transferred to the assemblies the revenues from duties
  • in return the British expected the assemblies would agree to their Civil List
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4
Q

what were the underlying causes of the revolt in Upper Canada?

A
  • political system
  • Family Compact
  • Anglican Church’s control
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5
Q

what were the short term causes of the revolt in Upper Canada?

A
  • emergence of a more radical voice within the reform party
  • concerns about the impoverished new emigrants in the 1830s
  • actions of 2 successive lieutenant governors, Colborne + Head
  • 1836 election
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6
Q

who was Baldwin replaced by during the revolt in Upper Canada + why was this significant?

A
  • William Lyon Mackenzie
  • he was more radical than Baldwin + argued that UC should follow the example of America and seek independence
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7
Q

what was the Ops Township Scheme?

A

gov scheme to provide temporary shelter + cheap supplies to poor emigrants

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8
Q

who opposed the Ops Township Scheme + why?

A
  • Reformers: cost + lack of consultation with the legislative assembly
  • Family compact: the increase of poor immigrants who were unlikely to support them
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9
Q

what was one of the principle grievances in Upper Canada leading to the rebellion?

A

Colborne’s allocation of the income from clergy reserves for the ongoing support for 44 Anglican parishes (which prompted his removal)

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10
Q

what did Head do to prepare for the 1836 election?

A
  • he campaigned against the Reformers (in a departure from tradition)
  • he successfully removed the Reformers from the legislative assembly - taking away their one political power so now they thought rebellion was the only way out
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11
Q

when did Mackenzie launch a revolt with 1,000 men + was this successful?

A

Dec 1837 - unclear of their objectives but the general plan was to attack property + businesses of the Family Compact

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