5.2 - Canada Flashcards
what was the significance of the revolts against British rule in the Canadas in the years 1837-38?
why were the Reformers not fulfilled in the early 1830s?
the difficulty the Whigs faced in introducing parliamentary reform in Britain itself (aka Britain didn’t have democracy itself at the time so how was it gonna give it to Canada)
when was the Howick Act passed?
1831
what did the Howick Act do?
- transferred to the assemblies the revenues from duties
- in return the British expected the assemblies would agree to their Civil List
what were the underlying causes of the revolt in Upper Canada?
- political system
- Family Compact
- Anglican Church’s control
what were the short term causes of the revolt in Upper Canada?
- emergence of a more radical voice within the reform party
- concerns about the impoverished new emigrants in the 1830s
- actions of 2 successive lieutenant governors, Colborne + Head
- 1836 election
who was Baldwin replaced by during the revolt in Upper Canada + why was this significant?
- William Lyon Mackenzie
- he was more radical than Baldwin + argued that UC should follow the example of America and seek independence
what was the Ops Township Scheme?
gov scheme to provide temporary shelter + cheap supplies to poor emigrants
who opposed the Ops Township Scheme + why?
- Reformers: cost + lack of consultation with the legislative assembly
- Family compact: the increase of poor immigrants who were unlikely to support them
what was one of the principle grievances in Upper Canada leading to the rebellion?
Colborne’s allocation of the income from clergy reserves for the ongoing support for 44 Anglican parishes (which prompted his removal)
what did Head do to prepare for the 1836 election?
- he campaigned against the Reformers (in a departure from tradition)
- he successfully removed the Reformers from the legislative assembly - taking away their one political power so now they thought rebellion was the only way out
when did Mackenzie launch a revolt with 1,000 men + was this successful?
Dec 1837 - unclear of their objectives but the general plan was to attack property + businesses of the Family Compact
