5.1 the internet and the world wide web

Question 1

difference between internet and world wide web

Answer 1

• internet is the infrastructure
• www is collection of websites and web pages accessed using internet

Question 2

what is a URL

Answer 2

• uniform resource locator
• text-based address for web page
• contain protocol, domain name, web page/film name

Question 3

what does HTTP stand for

Answer 3

hypertext transfer protocol

Question 4

what does HTTPS stand for

Answer 4

hypertext transfer protocol secure

Question 5

purpose of HTTP(S)

Answer 5

safety protocols maintained while transmitting data

Question 6

describe internet

Answer 6

• use transmission protocols (eg TCP and IP)
• allow user to communicate with others
• worldwide collection of interconnected networks and devices

Question 7

describe world wide web

Answer 7

• collection of webpages and other information on websites
• use HTTP(S) protocols that are written using HTML
• URLs used for location of web pages
• web browsers can access web pages

Question 8

what does HTML stand for

Answer 8

hypertext mark-up language

Question 9

purpose of URLs

Answer 9

locate and access web pages

Question 10

typical format of URL

Answer 10

protocol://website address/path/file name

Question 11

which protocols used in URLs

Answer 11

HTTP or HTTPS

Question 12

what does a website address contain

Answer 12

• domain host (www)
• domain name (website name)
• domain type (.com, .org, .net, .gov) or sometimes country codes

Question 13

purpose of web browser

Answer 13

• render HTML
• display web pages

Question 14

functions of web browser

Answer 14

• store bookmarks and favourites
• record user history
• allow use of multiple tabs
• store cookies
• provide navigation tools
• provide address bar

Question 15

describe retrieval and location of web pages

Answer 15

• web browser send URL to DNS
• DNS stores index and matches it with IP address
• IP sent to browser if it exists
• browser send request to IP of web server
• browser interprets the HTML

Question 16

what does DNS stand for

Answer 16

domain name server

Question 17

what are cookies

Answer 17

small files stored on user’s computer

Question 18

functions of cookies

Answer 18

• save personal details
• track user preferences
• hold items in online shopping cart
• store login details

Question 19

types of cookies

Answer 19

• session cookie
• persistent cookie

Question 20

describe session cookie

Answer 20

• stored in RAM until browser closed
• doesn’t collect any information on user

Question 21

describe persistent cookie

Answer 21

• remember user’s login details
• no need to log in every time they visit website
• stored on hard disk on computer
• until expiry date / user deletes