1.1 number systems Flashcards
why do computers use binary?
made up of transistors, can only process data in 2 states (1 and 0)
why is hexadecimal used
represents binary in a more human-friendly form. it takes fewer digits to represent a given value than binary
what are some uses of hexadecimal
- MAC address
- IP addresses
- error codes
- RGB colour values
what are the rules for adding binary?
0+1=1
1+1=0 carry 1
1+1+1=1 carry 1
what is a left shift
moves all bits to the left
what happens to the value in binary, denary, and hex when left shift occurs
binary- multiply by 2
denary- multiply by 10
hex- multiply by 16
what is overflow
when top bit pushed out of register and lost. register is too small to represent value
what is a right shift
moves all bits to the right
what happens to the value in binary, decimal and hex when right shift occurs
binary- divide by 2
decimal- divide by 10
hex- divide by 16
how many bits does ASCII use
7
what does ASCII stand for
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
how many characters can ASCII represent
128
how many bits does unicode use
16
how is data processed in a computer
using logic gates and stored in registers
advantages of hex
- more compact, take up less space
- easier for humans to read and understand
- less chance of human error
