1.1 number systems Flashcards

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1
Q

why do computers use binary?

A

made up of transistors, can only process data in 2 states (1 and 0)

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2
Q

why is hexadecimal used

A

represents binary in a more human-friendly form. it takes fewer digits to represent a given value than binary

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3
Q

what are some uses of hexadecimal

A
  • MAC address
  • IP addresses
  • error codes
  • RGB colour values
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4
Q

what are the rules for adding binary?

A

0+1=1
1+1=0 carry 1
1+1+1=1 carry 1

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5
Q

what is a left shift

A

moves all bits to the left

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6
Q

what happens to the value in binary, denary, and hex when left shift occurs

A

binary- multiply by 2
denary- multiply by 10
hex- multiply by 16

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7
Q

what is overflow

A

error that occurs when value generated > can be stored in register

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8
Q

what is a right shift

A

moves all bits to the right

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9
Q

what happens to the value in binary, decimal and hex when right shift occurs

A

binary- divide by 2
decimal- divide by 10
hex- divide by 16

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10
Q

how many bits does ASCII use

A

7

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11
Q

what does ASCII stand for

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

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12
Q

how many characters can ASCII represent

A

128

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13
Q

how many bits does unicode use

A

16

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14
Q

how is data processed in a computer

A

using logic gates and stored in registers

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15
Q

advantages of hex

A
  • more compact, take up less space
  • easier for humans to read and understand
  • less chance of human error
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16
Q

how to convert to 2s complement

A
  • convert to binary
  • flip all bits
  • add 1