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Immunosero Lab (Midterm) > 5.1 Dengue > Flashcards

5.1 Dengue Flashcards

1
Q

An acute febrile disease in the tropical countries, that causes fever and joint pain

A mosquito-borne disease

A

Dengue

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2
Q

Dengue fever can also called:

Breakbone fever
Hemorrhagic Fever
Dandy fever

Which of the following is not true?

A

None

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3
Q

Dengue is caused by what mosquito?

A

genus Aedes

aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus

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4
Q

is a fatal manifestation with bleeding diathesis and hypovoloemic shock

A

Dengue Hemorrhagic fever

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5
Q

Most common Aedes for Dengue?

A

aedes aegypti

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6
Q

Phases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever where the virus is deposited in the skin by the vector, within few days viremia occurs, lasting until the 5th day for the symptoms to show

A

Initial phase

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7
Q

Phases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever where within 24 hours before, signs of plasma leakage appear along with the development of hemorrhagic symptoms

A

Hemorrhagic symptoms

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8
Q

Phases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever where results hemoconcentration and serous effusions and can lead to circulatory collapse

A

Vascular leakage

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9
Q

Phases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever where if untreated, it might lead to dengue shock syndrome

A

Progression

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10
Q

A genus of single-stranded RNA virus

A

Flavivirus

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11
Q

A day-biting mosquitos of the genus aedes that breeds in stagnant water

It has white fots at the base of its wings, with white bands on the legs

A

Aedes aegypti

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12
Q

What is the incubation period for this dengue?

A

3-10 days

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13
Q

Symptoms of Dengue involves

High fever
Severe headaches
Damage to lymph and blood vessels
Bleeding
Enlargement of the liver
Circulatory
Rash

T or F

A

T

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14
Q

What phases of dengue that cause the following symptoms:

Headache
Fever
Pain behind the eyes
Moth and nose Bleeding
Muscle and Joint pain
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Rash

A

Febrile Phase

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15
Q

What phases of dengue that cause the following symptoms:

Hypotension
Pleural effusion
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Ascites

A

Critical phase

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16
Q

What phases of dengue that cause the following symptoms:

Seizure
Altered mind
Slow heartbeat

A

Recovery phase

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17
Q

What phases of dengue cause the following:

Temp: 40C

Potential clinical issues: Dehydration

Laboratory changes: Hematocrit (Decrease)

Serology and Virology: Viraemia

A

Febrile phase

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18
Q

What phases of dengue cause the following:

Temp: Starts to lower down

Potential clinical issues: shock, bleeding, organ impairment

Laboratory changes: Hematocrit (Rise), platelets (Decrease)

Serology and Virology: IgG and IgM starts to rise

A

Critical phase

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19
Q

What phases of dengue cause the following:

Temp: Starts to increase ( goes back to normal)

Potential clinical issues: Reabsorption, fluid overload

Laboratory changes: Hematocrit (Return to normal), platelets (Increase)

Serology and Virology: IgG and IgM keeps rises

A

Recovery phase

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20
Q

Isolation of the dengue virus from serum, plasma, leukocytes, or autopsy samples

A

Dengue Virus isolation

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21
Q

Demonstration of a fourfold or greater change in reciprocal immunoglobulin or IgM antibody titer to one or more dengue virus antigen in paired serum samples

A

Immunoglobulin titers

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22
Q

Demonstration of the dengue virus antigen in autopsy tissue via immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence

A

Immunochemistry

23
Q

Detection of viral genomic sequences in autopsy tissue, serum, or cerebrospinal fluid samples via PCR

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction

24
Q

The test is a marker o capillary fragility and it can be used as a triage tool to differentiate patients with acute gastroenteritis, for example, from those with dengue

A

Tourniquet test

25
Q

Count petechia below antecubital fossa?

T or F

A

T

26
Q

A positive test for tourniquet?

A

10 or more per 1 square inch

27
Q

In DHF, there may be the presence of decrease hematocrit level secondary to plasma extravasation and/or third-space fluid loss

T or F?

A

F

Increase hematocrit level

28
Q

Platelet count increase in dengue?

T or F

A

F

Decrease

29
Q

For occult blood in the stool should be performed on all patients suspected of dengue virus infection

A

Guaiac test

30
Q

Most commonly used

Rapid assay for the qualitative detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to dengue virus in human whole blood, serum or plasma samples

Aid in the diagnosis of primary and secondary dengue infection

A

Chromatographic immunoassay

31
Q

A qualitative membrane based immunoassay for the detection of Dengue NS1 antigen

A

Dengue Rapid test kit

32
Q

In Dengue rapid test kit, specimen reacts with dengue antibody conjugate in the test cassette

T or F

A

T

33
Q

In Dengue rapid test kit:

The Gold antibody conjugate will bind to dengue antigen in the specimen sample which in turn will bind with Anti-Dengue NS2 coated on the membrane

T or F

A

F

NS1 not NS2

34
Q

Dengue NS1 antibody on the membrane will bind the antibody-antigen complex causing?

A

Pale / Dark Pink line

35
Q

In Dengue rapid test kit:

The appearance of pink line in the test region should be considered as positive result

T or F

A

T

36
Q

Specimen used in Dengue rapid test procedure?

A

Serum or plasma
Whole blood

37
Q

How many drops of serum or plasma in NS1?

A

3 drops (75uL)

38
Q

How to used Antibody dengue test (Serum or Plasma)?

A

5uL of serum or plasma
1 drop of buffer

39
Q

How to used NS1 dengue test (Whole blood)?

A

3 drops of whole blood (75uL)
1 drop buffer

40
Q

How to used Antibody dengue test (Whole blood)?

A

1 drop whole blood (Approx. 10 uL)
1 drop buffer

41
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= RedLine
T= Red line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= No line
G= No line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

NS1 Positive

42
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= RedLine
T= No line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= No line
G= Red line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

IgG Positive

43
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= RedLine
T= No line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= Red line
G= No line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

IgM Positive

44
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= RedLine
T= Pale Red line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= Red line
G= No line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

NS1/IgM Positive

45
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= RedLine
T= No line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= Red line
G= Pale Red line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

IgG/IgM positive

46
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= Red Line
T= No line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= No line
G= No line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

Negative

47
Q

In Dengue Combo:

NS1:
C= No Line
T= Red line

IgG/IgM:
C= Red line
M= No line
G= No line

Positive or Negative or Invalid?

A

Invalid NS1, Negative IgG/IgM

48
Q

Dengue infection (Primary or secondary)

 Viremia (Virus in the blood)
 Symptoms persist for 10 days (Base on the graph)
 First few days NS1 is positive and then died down (in between 0-10 days base on the graph)
 After few days when NS1 increased, IgM starts to increase (Onset or acute infection), then later IgG starts to increase
 IgM starts to decline slowly while IgG level remains persistent even after or during recovery

A

Primary infection

49
Q

Dengue infection (Primary or secondary)

 Had previous infection
 2nd exposure
 Symptoms persist less days than in primary infection
 Sudden increase of IgG on the 2nd infection due to past exposure which means the virus will easily be killed in the body
 NS1 is similar to primary infection (remains in the body for few days)
 IgM increase but decrease for few days due to the presence of IgG

A

Secondary infection

50
Q

Late or Early, Primary or Secondary

IgG antibody = Absence of IgG (Negative)
IgM antibody = Absence of IgM (Negative)
NS1 antigen = Presence of NS1 (Positive)
PCR = Extremely likely to be positive

A

Early primary infection

51
Q

Late or Early, Primary or Secondary

IgG antibody = Presence of IgG (Positive)
IgM antibody = Presence of IgM (Positive)
NS1 antigen = Absence of NS1 (Negative)
PCR = Negative

A

Late secondary Infection

52
Q

Late or Early, Primary or Secondary

IgG antibody = Variable (May be positive or negative)
IgM antibody = Presence of IgM (Positive)
NS1 antigen = Absence of this antigen (Negative)
PCR = Negative

A

Late primary infection

53
Q

Late or Early, Primary or Secondary

IgG antibody = Presence of IgG (Positive)
IgM antibody = Variable (Positive or Negative)
NS1 antigen = Presence of NS1 (Positive)
PCR = Extremely likely to be positive

A

Early Secondary Infection

Immunosero Lab (Midterm) (5 decks)

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