2.1 Enzyme Immunoassay Flashcards
Labeled immunoassays are designed for antigens and antibodies that may be?
- Small
- Present in very large concentration
- Present in very low concentration
a. 1,2,3
b. 1,2
c. 1,3
d. 1 Only
c
This is being determined in labelled immunoassays
a. Solute
b. analyte
c. enzyme
d. CPR
b
Analyte is being determined directly using a labeled reactant to detect whether or not specific binding has taken place
T or F?
F
Detection is done indirectly since instead of directly identifying the antigen and antibodies binding in their raw form, labeled reactant is used to label this binding to know if binding was taken place
ONE reactant, either the antigen or the antibody, is labeled with a marker so that the amount of binding can be monitored?
T or F
T
Labels used in the labeled immunoassay should not be reactive during the reaction.
T or F
T
All the reactants are mixed together simultaneously and labeled antigen competes with unlabeled patient antigen for a limited number of antibody-binding sites
a. Competitive assays
b. noncompetitive assays
c. Competitive Radioimmunoassays
d. Noncompetitive Radioimmunoassays
a
Which of the following is are the characteristics of competitive assays?
- The amount of bound label is inversely proportional to the concentration of the labeled antigen
- The more label detected, the less there is of patient antigen
a. 1 Only
b. 2 Only
c. Both
d. None of the above
c
Capture antibody is used in this assay?
a. Competitive assays
b. noncompetitive assays
c. Competitive Radioimmunoassays
d. Noncompetitive Radioimmunoassays
b
Capture antibody is first passivley absorbed by antigen in what state of matter?
a. Solid phase
b. Liquid phase
c. Gas phase
a
Sequence in noncompetitive assay?
1. Capture antibody is absorbed in solid phase antigen
2. after washing, label antibody is added
3. Unkown patient antigen is then reacted to captured antibody
a. 1,2,3
b. 2,3,1
c. 3,2,1
d. 1,3,2
d
The amount of label measured is directly proportional to the amount of patient antigen
(Noncompetitive assay)
T or F
T
The amount of labels measured is directly proportional to the amount of patient antigen
(Noncompetitive assay)
T or F
T
Antibodies used should be very specific since the higher the ________ for an antigen, the larger the amount of antigen bound to antibody and the more accurately specific binding can be measured
a. Affinity
b. Avidity
a
The sensitivity of the immunoassay depends largely on the?
a. Magnitude of attachment
b. Magnitude of avidity
c. Magnitude of affinity
d. Magnitude of the area
c
Labeled analytes that are made up in known concentrations of the substances to be measured
T or F
F
Unlabeled analytes
Significance of standards/Calibrators in immunoassays?
a. Establish relationship between labeled analyte measured and any unlabeled analyte
b. To know the amount of known concentration of label reagents
c. Both
d. none of the above
a
Separation method that involves a solid phase and require washing steps to remove unbound antigens and antibodies
a. Homogeneous immunoassays
b. Chemiluminescence
c. Titer
d. Heterogeneous immunoassays
d
Separation method that involves a solid phase and require washing steps to remove unbound antigens and antibodies
a. Homogeneous immunoassays
b. Chemiluminescence
c. Titer
d. Heterogeneous immunoassays
d
Separation method that consist Only liquid phase and do not require washing steps, less sensitive
a. Homogeneous immunoassays
b. Chemiluminescence
c. Titer
d. Heterogeneous immunoassays
a
Which of the following is true for heterogeneous immunoassays?
a. Faster and easier to automate
b. It can have a competitive and noncompetitive format
c. Liquid phase only
d. Does not require washing
b
Which of the following is true for Homogeneous immunoassays?
- Faster and easier to automate
- Competitive format only
- Liquid phase only
- More sensitive
a. 1,2,3,4
b. 1,3,4
c. 1,2,3
d. 1,2,4
c
What is the last step common to all immunoassays?
a. Detection of labeled analyte
b. Detection of unlabeled analyte
c. Separation of labeled and unlabeled analyte
d. None of the above
a
Measurement used in radioactivity?
a. Spectophotometry
b. Scintillation counter
c. Radiogram
b
Measurement used in Enzyme, fluorescence or chemiluminescence?
a. Spectophotometry
b. Scintillation counter
c. Radiogram
a
What is being measured in spectophotometry?
a. absorbance
b. concentration
c. Density
d. Volume
a
Running blank tube for every test and a NC and a high and a low LP control should be run in addition for Quality control
T or F
T
Radioimmunoassays is pioneered by?
Yalow and Berson in 1950s
It was used to determine the level of insulin-anti-insulin complexes in diabetic patients
Radioimmunoassays
Which of the following labels are gamma counter for Radioimmunoassays?
- 131I (Iodine)
- 125I (Iodine)
- 3H (Hydrogen)
a. 1,2,3
b. 2,3
c. 1,2
d. 1,3
c
Most common label in radioimmunoassays?
a. 131I
b. 125I
c. 3H
b
Which of the following labels are beta counter for Radioimmunoassays?
a. 131I
b. 125I
c. 3H
c