5.1-5.8 Health and Disease Flashcards
Give the definition of health
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is the difference between a communicable and non communicable disease?
Communicable diseases are those which can be transferred between individuals
Non-communicable diseases cannot be transferred between individuals
Why can having one disease lead to susceptibility in other diseases?
The immune system is often weakened, leaving you at risk of many ‘opportunistic infections’
What is a pathogen?
A disease causing organism, including viruses, bacteria, protists and fungi
How does cholera spread?
Through water
Which category of pathogen is cholera?
Bacteria
How does Turberculosis spread?
Airborne
Which pathogen is tuberculosis?
Bacteria
How is chalara ash dieback spread?
Airborne
Which type of pathogen is chalara ash dieback?
Fungi
How is Malaria spread?
Animal vector
Which type of pathogen is malaria?
Protist
How is HIV spread?
Bodily fluids
Which type of pathogen is HIV?
Virus
How is helicobacter spread?
Oral transmission
Which type of pathogen is heliobacter?
Bacteria
How is Ebola spread?
Body fluids
Which type of pathogen is Ebola?
Virus
Give the four steps of the Lytic Pathway
.Using host cell machinery the virus replicates its DNA
.Next these are assembled to form new virus particles
.Once the host cell is full of virus particles, it bursts into a process called lysis
.The process is then repeated with nearby cells
Give the three steps of the Lysogenic pathway
.The virus uses restriction enzymes to insert its DNA into the host cell DNA-or it can insert plasmids into the cytoplasm
.The host cell replicates and the viral DNA is also copied in this process
.The lytic cycle begins at this point starting with the assembly of new virus particles
Which category of pathogen is chlamidya?
Bacteria
How can the spread of STI’s be reduced?
Through the use of contraception
