5.1-5.8 Health and Disease

Question 1

Give the definition of health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

What is the difference between a communicable and non communicable disease?

Answer 2

Communicable diseases are those which can be transferred between individuals
Non-communicable diseases cannot be transferred between individuals

Question 3

Why can having one disease lead to susceptibility in other diseases?

Answer 3

The immune system is often weakened, leaving you at risk of many ‘opportunistic infections’

Question 4

What is a pathogen?

Answer 4

A disease causing organism, including viruses, bacteria, protists and fungi

Question 5

How does cholera spread?

Answer 5

Through water

Question 6

Which category of pathogen is cholera?

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

How does Turberculosis spread?

Answer 7

Airborne

Question 8

Which pathogen is tuberculosis?

Answer 8

Bacteria

Question 9

How is chalara ash dieback spread?

Answer 9

Airborne

Question 10

Which type of pathogen is chalara ash dieback?

Answer 10

Fungi

Question 11

How is Malaria spread?

Answer 11

Animal vector

Question 12

Which type of pathogen is malaria?

Answer 12

Protist

Question 13

How is HIV spread?

Answer 13

Bodily fluids

Question 14

Which type of pathogen is HIV?

Answer 14

Virus

Question 15

How is helicobacter spread?

Answer 15

Oral transmission

Question 16

Which type of pathogen is heliobacter?

Answer 16

Bacteria

Question 17

How is Ebola spread?

Answer 17

Body fluids

Question 18

Which type of pathogen is Ebola?

Answer 18

Virus

Question 19

Give the four steps of the Lytic Pathway

Answer 19

.Using host cell machinery the virus replicates its DNA
.Next these are assembled to form new virus particles
.Once the host cell is full of virus particles, it bursts into a process called lysis
.The process is then repeated with nearby cells

Question 20

Give the three steps of the Lysogenic pathway

Answer 20

.The virus uses restriction enzymes to insert its DNA into the host cell DNA-or it can insert plasmids into the cytoplasm
.The host cell replicates and the viral DNA is also copied in this process
.The lytic cycle begins at this point starting with the assembly of new virus particles

Question 21

Which category of pathogen is chlamidya?

Answer 21

Bacteria

Question 22

How can the spread of STI’s be reduced?

Answer 22

Through the use of contraception