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USC PT Gait Analysis > 5.0 Knee Function During Gait > Flashcards

5.0 Knee Function During Gait Flashcards

1
Q

Why must the knee be neutral during initial contact?

A

Ensures Heel contact

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2
Q

What happens to the knee angle during Loading response?

A

Neutral
to
20° Fexion

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3
Q

What are the objectives of Loading Response?

A
  1. Shock Absorption
  2. Forward Progression
  3. Weight Bearing Stability
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4
Q

During Mid-stance, what happens to the angle of the knee?

A

20° of Flexion
to
0°

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5
Q

What are the objectives of Midstance?

A
  1. Progression of COM over BOS

2. Single Limb Stance Stability

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6
Q

What happens to the angle of the Knee in Terminal Stance?

A

Remains Neutral

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7
Q

What is the objectives of Terminal Stance?

A
  1. Progression of COM Beyond BOS
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8
Q

What is the angle of the Knee during Pre-swing?

A

0°
to
40° Flexion

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9
Q

What is the angle about the knee during Initial Swing?

A

40° Flexion
to
60° Flexion

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10
Q

What are the Objectives of Initial Swing

A
  1. Foot Clearance

2. Limb Advancement

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11
Q

What happens to the angle of the knee during Mid-swing?

A

60° of Plantarflexion
to
30° of Plantarflexion

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12
Q

What are the objectives of Mid-swing?

A
  1. Continued Limb Advancement

2. Foot Clearance

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13
Q

What happens to the angle about the knee during Terminal Stance?

A

30° of Plantarflexion
to
0° Neutral

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14
Q

What are the objectives of Terminal Swing?

A
  1. Complete Limb Advancement

2. Prepare for Limb Stance

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15
Q

During Initial Contact, what is happening to the knee in the frontal plane?

A

Remains Neutral with respect to Varus/Valgus

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16
Q

During Loading Response/Midstance, what is happening to the knee in the Frontal Plane?

A

Neutral with respect to Varus/Valgus

17
Q

During Terminal Stance, what is happening to the knee in the frontal plane?

A

Neutral with respect to Varus/Valgus

18
Q

During Loading Response/Mid Stance in the Transverse plane, what is happening about the knee?

A

Tibia: Internal Rotation

19
Q

During Midstance/Terminal Stance, what is happening about the knee in the transverse plane?

A

Tibia: External Rotation to 0°

Femur: External Rotation to 0°

Knee: Neutral 0°

20
Q

Describe the screw home mechanism for Loading Response

A

Loading Response:

  • Rear Foot Pronation
  • -Tibial Internal Rotation
  • –Unlocks Knee to facilitate knee flexion and shock absorption
21
Q

Describe the Screw Home Mechanism for Mid-Stance

A

Mid-Stance:

  • Foot Supination
  • -Tibial External Rotation
  • –Locks Knee to facilitate knee extension and ensure stance stability during single limb support
22
Q

In the sagittal plane during loading response, what moment is created about the knee?

A

Knee Flexion Moment

Vasti (Eccentric)

  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Medialis
  • vastus Intermedius
23
Q

During Midstance, what moment is created about the knee?

A

Knee flexion Moment to Neutral Moment

Vasti (concentric)

  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Medialis
  • Vastus Intermedius
24
Q

During Terminal Stance, what moment is created about the knee?

A

Neutral Moment
No Quadricep or Hamstring Action.
Vector Travels directly through knee.

25
Q

During Preswing, what moment is created about the knee?

A

Knee Flexion Moment (small)

26
Q

Why is knee flexion passive during pre-swing?

A

Knee flexion is passive due to hip flexors causing the motion.

27
Q

What moment is created during initial swing and the type of contraction?

A

Extension Moment - Gravity Driven

Biceps Femoris Short Head (concentric)

28
Q

What muscle action is occurring about the knee joint during Mid-swing?

A

Extension Moment - Gravity Driven

No Muscle Action

29
Q

What muscle action is occurring during terminal swing about the knee and the type of contraction?

A

Knee Flexion Moment - Driven by gravity

Vasti (concentric)

  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Medialis
  • Vastus Intermedius
30
Q

What muscles resist a Knee Varus Moment?

A

Knee Varus
Resisted by
-Iliotibial Band
-Lateral collateral Ligament

31
Q

What muscles/tendons resist tibial External Rotation?

A

Medial Hamstrings
Pes Anserine complex
Popliteus
LCL and MCL

32
Q

What muscles/Ligaments control Resistance Internal Rotation

A

Lateral Hamstrings

ACL

33
Q

What muscles control the femur from rotating?

A

Gluteus Maximus
Piriformis
Deep Hip Rotators

34
Q

What is the angle of the Knee during Initial contact?

A

Neutral 0°

USC PT Gait Analysis (11 decks)

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