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World War I > 5. The Home Front & Total War > Flashcards

5. The Home Front & Total War Flashcards

1
Q

What was the primary focus of the Home Front during WWI?

A

Supporting the war effort through production and resources.

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2
Q

True or False: Total war means that all resources of a nation are directed towards the war effort.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The Home Front included efforts in ________, industry, and agriculture.

A

manufacturing

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4
Q

What role did women play on the Home Front during WWI?

A

Women took on roles in factories, agriculture, and other sectors to replace men who went to fight.

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5
Q

Which government agency in the U.S. was responsible for mobilizing resources for the war?

A

The War Industries Board

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6
Q

What was the significance of rationing during WWI?

A

Rationing was implemented to conserve food and materials for the military.

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7
Q

What was the impact of propaganda on the Home Front?

A

Propaganda encouraged enlistment, promoted war bonds, and fostered national unity.

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8
Q

True or False: Civil liberties were often restricted during WWI in the name of national security.

A

True

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9
Q

Name one method used by governments to finance the war.

A

War bonds

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10
Q

What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information (CPI)?

A

To promote public support for the war through propaganda.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1917 allowed the U.S. government to draft soldiers.

A

Selective Service

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12
Q

What was the effect of total war on civilian life?

A

Civilian life was heavily impacted, with many people involved in war production and facing shortages.

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13
Q

Which country first implemented total war strategies during WWI?

A

Germany

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14
Q

True or False: Children were not affected by the Home Front efforts during WWI.

A

False

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15
Q

What was the role of trade unions during the war?

A

Trade unions often collaborated with the government to manage labor issues and ensure production.

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16
Q

What is meant by the term ‘victory gardens’?

A

Gardens planted by civilians to grow their own food and reduce pressure on the food supply.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1918 aimed to increase food production in the U.S.

A

Food Administration

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18
Q

What was the main goal of the Espionage Act of 1917?

A

To prevent interference with military operations and support for U.S. enemies.

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19
Q

Which demographic saw a significant increase in employment due to the war?

A

Women

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20
Q

True or False: The war effort led to an increase in racial tensions in the U.S.

A

True

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21
Q

What was the impact of the war on immigration policies?

A

Immigration was restricted, and many immigrants faced suspicion and discrimination.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Movement aimed to support the war effort through community involvement.

A

Home Front

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23
Q

What were ‘doughboys’?

A

A nickname for American soldiers in WWI.

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24
Q

What was the purpose of the War Labor Board?

A

To mediate labor disputes and prevent strikes during the war.

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25
Q

True or False: The concept of total war was only applied to military targets.

A

False

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26
Q

What did the term ‘shell shock’ refer to?

A

Psychological trauma experienced by soldiers during combat.

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27
Q

Which country implemented conscription as a means of total war?

A

Britain

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28
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1917 allowed for the censorship of mail.

A

Espionage Act

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29
Q

What was the impact of the war on traditional gender roles?

A

The war challenged traditional gender roles as women took on many jobs previously held by men.

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30
Q

What were Liberty Bonds?

A

Bonds sold to American citizens to finance the war effort.

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31
Q

True or False: The Home Front was a secondary concern during WWI.

A

False

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32
Q

What was the role of the Red Cross during WWI?

A

To provide medical assistance and support to soldiers and civilians.

33
Q

Fill in the blank: The use of ________ was critical in maintaining morale on the Home Front.

A

propaganda

34
Q

What was one major consequence of total war on economies?

A

Economies became heavily focused on military production.

35
Q

What was the significance of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic during the war?

A

It spread rapidly and affected both soldiers and civilians, complicating the war effort.

36
Q

True or False: The Home Front efforts were only focused on military personnel.

A

False

37
Q

What role did factories play on the Home Front?

A

Factories converted to produce war materials and supplies.

38
Q

What was the purpose of the National War Labor Board?

A

To ensure that labor disputes did not disrupt wartime production.

39
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1918 was aimed at preventing strikes during the war.

A

Labor

40
Q

What was the effect of war on food production?

A

Food production was prioritized, leading to increased agricultural output.

41
Q

True or False: The United States did not face any food shortages during WWI.

A

False

42
Q

What did the slogan ‘Food will win the war’ imply?

A

It emphasized the importance of food production for supporting troops.

43
Q

What was the role of the United States Shipping Board?

A

To oversee the construction and operation of merchant ships for war supplies.

44
Q

Fill in the blank: Many nations used ________ to control information and maintain morale.

A

censorship

45
Q

What was the significance of the War Finance Corporation?

A

It provided loans to businesses to support war production.

46
Q

True or False: Men were the only ones who served in the military during WWI.

A

False

47
Q

What was one way the U.S. government encouraged enlistment?

A

Through propaganda campaigns and incentives.

48
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Administration was created to manage food supplies during the war.

A

Food

49
Q

What was the impact of total war on international relations?

A

It led to new alliances and tensions between nations.

50
Q

True or False: The Home Front was considered less important than the battlefield.

A

False

51
Q

What type of work did men primarily do on the Home Front?

A

Manufacturing and labor-intensive jobs.

52
Q

What was the purpose of the War Risk Insurance Act?

A

To provide insurance for soldiers and their families.

53
Q

Fill in the blank: ________ were often used for fundraising to support the war effort.

A

War bonds

54
Q

What was the impact of the war on education?

A

Education systems adapted to include war-related subjects and training.

55
Q

True or False: The war led to an increase in volunteerism among civilians.

A

True

56
Q

What was the role of the YMCA during WWI?

A

To provide recreational and support services for soldiers.

57
Q

What did the term ‘total war’ imply for civilian populations?

A

Civilian populations were considered legitimate targets for military operations.

58
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Act allowed the government to control industry during the war.

A

War Powers

59
Q

What was the role of the National War Savings Committee?

A

To promote the purchase of war savings stamps and bonds.

60
Q

True or False: The war had no lasting effects on the social structure of nations.

A

False

61
Q

What was the significance of the Women’s Army Corps?

A

It allowed women to serve in non-combat roles during the war.

62
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Bureau was established to manage war-related information.

A

Censorship

63
Q

What was the primary goal of the War Trade Board?

A

To regulate trade and prevent supplies from reaching enemy nations.

64
Q

True or False: The Home Front was a passive participant in the war effort.

A

False

65
Q

What was the role of the American Red Cross during the war?

A

To provide medical care and support for soldiers and their families.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1917 authorized the federal government to control industries essential to the war effort.

A

War Industries Board

67
Q

What was the effect of the war on labor movements?

A

Labor movements gained strength as workers demanded better conditions and pay.

68
Q

True or False: The war had no impact on the economy of the participating nations.

A

False

69
Q

What was the purpose of the War Emergency Act?

A

To give the government emergency powers to manage the war effort.

70
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Committee was responsible for overseeing the production of war materials.

A

War Industries

71
Q

What was the impact of the war on the role of the federal government?

A

The federal government expanded its powers significantly to manage the war.

72
Q

True or False: The concept of total war was only theoretical and not practically implemented.

A

False

73
Q

What was the role of the U.S. Food Administration?

A

To manage food supplies and encourage conservation for the war effort.

74
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1918 aimed to control labor disputes during the war.

A

Labor

75
Q

What was the impact of WWI on global trade?

A

Global trade was disrupted, leading to shortages and economic instability.

76
Q

True or False: The war had a uniform effect on all countries involved.

A

False

77
Q

What was the significance of the National Defense Act of 1916?

A

It expanded the U.S. military and prepared for potential involvement in the war.

78
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1917 was a pivotal moment for U.S. involvement in WWI.

A

declaration of war

World War I (9 decks)

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