5. The Home Front & Total War Flashcards
What was the primary focus of the Home Front during WWI?
Supporting the war effort through production and resources.
True or False: Total war means that all resources of a nation are directed towards the war effort.
True
Fill in the blank: The Home Front included efforts in ________, industry, and agriculture.
manufacturing
What role did women play on the Home Front during WWI?
Women took on roles in factories, agriculture, and other sectors to replace men who went to fight.
Which government agency in the U.S. was responsible for mobilizing resources for the war?
The War Industries Board
What was the significance of rationing during WWI?
Rationing was implemented to conserve food and materials for the military.
What was the impact of propaganda on the Home Front?
Propaganda encouraged enlistment, promoted war bonds, and fostered national unity.
True or False: Civil liberties were often restricted during WWI in the name of national security.
True
Name one method used by governments to finance the war.
War bonds
What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information (CPI)?
To promote public support for the war through propaganda.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1917 allowed the U.S. government to draft soldiers.
Selective Service
What was the effect of total war on civilian life?
Civilian life was heavily impacted, with many people involved in war production and facing shortages.
Which country first implemented total war strategies during WWI?
Germany
True or False: Children were not affected by the Home Front efforts during WWI.
False
What was the role of trade unions during the war?
Trade unions often collaborated with the government to manage labor issues and ensure production.
What is meant by the term ‘victory gardens’?
Gardens planted by civilians to grow their own food and reduce pressure on the food supply.
Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1918 aimed to increase food production in the U.S.
Food Administration
What was the main goal of the Espionage Act of 1917?
To prevent interference with military operations and support for U.S. enemies.
Which demographic saw a significant increase in employment due to the war?
Women
True or False: The war effort led to an increase in racial tensions in the U.S.
True
What was the impact of the war on immigration policies?
Immigration was restricted, and many immigrants faced suspicion and discrimination.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Movement aimed to support the war effort through community involvement.
Home Front
What were ‘doughboys’?
A nickname for American soldiers in WWI.
What was the purpose of the War Labor Board?
To mediate labor disputes and prevent strikes during the war.
True or False: The concept of total war was only applied to military targets.
False
What did the term ‘shell shock’ refer to?
Psychological trauma experienced by soldiers during combat.
Which country implemented conscription as a means of total war?
Britain
Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1917 allowed for the censorship of mail.
Espionage Act
What was the impact of the war on traditional gender roles?
The war challenged traditional gender roles as women took on many jobs previously held by men.
What were Liberty Bonds?
Bonds sold to American citizens to finance the war effort.
True or False: The Home Front was a secondary concern during WWI.
False
What was the role of the Red Cross during WWI?
To provide medical assistance and support to soldiers and civilians.
Fill in the blank: The use of ________ was critical in maintaining morale on the Home Front.
propaganda
What was one major consequence of total war on economies?
Economies became heavily focused on military production.
What was the significance of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic during the war?
It spread rapidly and affected both soldiers and civilians, complicating the war effort.
True or False: The Home Front efforts were only focused on military personnel.
False
What role did factories play on the Home Front?
Factories converted to produce war materials and supplies.
What was the purpose of the National War Labor Board?
To ensure that labor disputes did not disrupt wartime production.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1918 was aimed at preventing strikes during the war.
Labor
What was the effect of war on food production?
Food production was prioritized, leading to increased agricultural output.
True or False: The United States did not face any food shortages during WWI.
False
What did the slogan ‘Food will win the war’ imply?
It emphasized the importance of food production for supporting troops.
What was the role of the United States Shipping Board?
To oversee the construction and operation of merchant ships for war supplies.
Fill in the blank: Many nations used ________ to control information and maintain morale.
censorship
What was the significance of the War Finance Corporation?
It provided loans to businesses to support war production.
True or False: Men were the only ones who served in the military during WWI.
False
What was one way the U.S. government encouraged enlistment?
Through propaganda campaigns and incentives.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Administration was created to manage food supplies during the war.
Food
What was the impact of total war on international relations?
It led to new alliances and tensions between nations.
True or False: The Home Front was considered less important than the battlefield.
False
What type of work did men primarily do on the Home Front?
Manufacturing and labor-intensive jobs.
What was the purpose of the War Risk Insurance Act?
To provide insurance for soldiers and their families.
Fill in the blank: ________ were often used for fundraising to support the war effort.
War bonds
What was the impact of the war on education?
Education systems adapted to include war-related subjects and training.
True or False: The war led to an increase in volunteerism among civilians.
True
What was the role of the YMCA during WWI?
To provide recreational and support services for soldiers.
What did the term ‘total war’ imply for civilian populations?
Civilian populations were considered legitimate targets for military operations.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Act allowed the government to control industry during the war.
War Powers
What was the role of the National War Savings Committee?
To promote the purchase of war savings stamps and bonds.
True or False: The war had no lasting effects on the social structure of nations.
False
What was the significance of the Women’s Army Corps?
It allowed women to serve in non-combat roles during the war.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Bureau was established to manage war-related information.
Censorship
What was the primary goal of the War Trade Board?
To regulate trade and prevent supplies from reaching enemy nations.
True or False: The Home Front was a passive participant in the war effort.
False
What was the role of the American Red Cross during the war?
To provide medical care and support for soldiers and their families.
Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1917 authorized the federal government to control industries essential to the war effort.
War Industries Board
What was the effect of the war on labor movements?
Labor movements gained strength as workers demanded better conditions and pay.
True or False: The war had no impact on the economy of the participating nations.
False
What was the purpose of the War Emergency Act?
To give the government emergency powers to manage the war effort.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Committee was responsible for overseeing the production of war materials.
War Industries
What was the impact of the war on the role of the federal government?
The federal government expanded its powers significantly to manage the war.
True or False: The concept of total war was only theoretical and not practically implemented.
False
What was the role of the U.S. Food Administration?
To manage food supplies and encourage conservation for the war effort.
Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1918 aimed to control labor disputes during the war.
Labor
What was the impact of WWI on global trade?
Global trade was disrupted, leading to shortages and economic instability.
True or False: The war had a uniform effect on all countries involved.
False
What was the significance of the National Defense Act of 1916?
It expanded the U.S. military and prepared for potential involvement in the war.
Fill in the blank: The ________ of 1917 was a pivotal moment for U.S. involvement in WWI.
declaration of war
