5. Renal System (urinary tract)

Question 1

What are the major parts of the kidneys? (6 of them)

Answer 1

renal vein, renal artery, cortex, medulla, ureters, and bladder

Question 2

What is the function of the glomerulus?

Answer 2

provides the first step in filtering blood in the nephron

Question 3

How efficient is the kidney at getting back nutrients and water?

Answer 3

99% of water that passes through the kidneys is reabsorbed

Question 4

What is Urea?

Answer 4

waste product from the digestion of protein

Question 5

Describe the major transport systems in the kidney

Answer 5

• Active Transport: transports Na+ out of the membrane creating electric potential
• Passive Transport: causes Na+ to enter FROM OPPOSITE SIDE; transported due to electrical potential
• Osmotic transport: water is osmotically transported

Question 6

What is a Nephron?

Answer 6

• the working unit of the kidney

- filters blood to form urine

Question 7

How does the bladder function?

Answer 7

• blood flows into the kidney through the glomerulus
• blood is filtered and then enters the arterioles
• blood is filtered into the vasa recta
• blood enters kidney through the renal artery