5 individual within the group Flashcards
How does Drive theory explain the performance of Neymar, Marieke, Peter, and Anne?
Neymar: social facilitation
Marieke: social loafing
Peter: performs worse due to social pressure
Anna: evaluation apprehension theory (when others are present, performance can be enhanced when the task is simple and inhibited when the task is difficult). Also drive theory.
How are evaluation apprehension theory and drive theory connected?
They’re connected because they both include the need to have the presence of others and the feeling of being judged, which then influences our behaviour.
evaluation apprehension theory
what are some key factors that answer the questions:
How can a group setting influence an individual’s performance?
What individual factors influence our performance?
social facilitation
drive theory
distraction conflict theory
social loafing: ringelmann effect
social compensation
social facilitation
a change in performance of the individual when in the presence of others
in different books, the definition of social facilitation changes. how?
- social facilitation can lead to better or worse performance
- social facilitation = better performance / social interference= worse performance.
- social facilitation = better performance / social inhibition= worse performance.
explain zajonc’s model of social facilitation
presence of another person–> increased arousal –> strengthened dominant (either correct response that leads to performance enhancement or incorrect response that leads to performance impairment)
drive theory
becoming aroused when there are observers - performance can go up or down. When there is a correct dominant response, performance improves. When there is an incorrect dominant response, performance decreases.
The drive theory states that social facilitation can occur when the interaction between individual and observer is blocked.
Distraction-conflict theory
When distracted, you can perform better when distracted, because you put more effort in the task.
Hard task - failed due less attention to the task.
Easy task - not failed, because it requires less attention.
compresence is the way one reacts. there’s 2 types of reactions..
challenge and threat
productivity is lost in groups, this is due to 2 main losses
coordination losses + motivation losses (trusting ur neighbor to compensate for u slacking
sucker effect
other members are seen as ‘lazy’ and you don’t want to contribute too much and be the odd one out.
emergent norm theory
groups create their own norms and values which everyone follows when in the group.
Against deindividuation: You are always in control of your own actions, even in a group
accountability cues
affect the individual’s cost–reward calculations. When accountability is low, those who commit deviant acts are less likely to be caught and punished, and people may deliberately choose to engage in gratifying but usually inhibited behaviors. Being in a large crowd or wearing a mask are two examples of instances when accountability may be low, and these factors are associated with more extreme and destructive behaviors.
attentional cues
focus a person’s attention away from the self. In this state, the individual attends less to internal standards of conduct, reacts more to the immediate situation, and is less sensitive to long-term consequences of behavior (Diener, 1980). Behavior slips out from the bonds of cognitive control, and people act on impulse. When you are at a party with very loud music and flashing lights, you may be swept up with the pulsating crowd and feel your individual identity slipping away.
