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Introduction to Philosophy of Human Person > 5: Human as Embodied Spirit > Flashcards

5: Human as Embodied Spirit Flashcards

1
Q

“Man is a rational being.”

A

Aristotle

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2
Q

“Man is a social animal.”

A

Karl Marx

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3
Q

He believed that the essence of humanity and the source of all human activities is the SOUL.

A

Plato

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4
Q

“Man is his soul.”

A

Plato

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5
Q

He believes in the concept of matter and form

A

Plato

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6
Q

3 Parts of the soul

A

Appetitive
Spiritual
Rational

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7
Q

Part of the mind that dictates our hunger and appetite

A

Appetitive

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8
Q

Emotional part of our soul

A

Spiritual

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9
Q

The highest part of the soul that is responsible for decision-making base on perceptions. AKA the mind.

A

Rational

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10
Q

According to Plato, when can the soul finally be free from the body?

A

Death

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11
Q

The soul is more important than the body. Soul makes the man

A

Plato

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12
Q

Rationalist philosopher who stated that the “Man is the whole of his body and soul.”

A

Aristotle

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13
Q

Potentiality

A

Soul

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14
Q

Actuality

A

Body

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15
Q

“There is no form without matter, no matter without form.”

- No soul without a body, no body without a soul.

A

Aristotle

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16
Q

3 degrees of Soul

A

Nutritive Soul
Sensitive Soul
Rational Soul

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17
Q

Lowest degree of souls with the only purpose to sustain its own life through self-nutrition. (Plants)

A

Nutritive Soul

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18
Q

Second degree of souls with the abilities of instincts and intuition through feeling and sensing. (Animals)

A

Sensitive Soul

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19
Q

Highest degree of soul that encompasses all the degrees of souls. It needs a body to enact its greater purpose

A

Rational Soul

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20
Q

“The soul is not a soul if it is not the soul of the body.”

A

St. Augustine

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21
Q

Man is the unity of the body and soul. He can only exist as these two unite.

A

St. Augustine

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22
Q

The soul is separate from the body and is more important as it is immortal and capable of intelligent thoughts.

A

St. Augustine

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23
Q

“The human soul is the form of the body, the
principle by which the body lives, and the
principle in virtue of which bodily activities
take place.”

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

24
Q

The very essence of the soul inherently needs to be with the body.

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

25
Q

First meditation of Descartes

A

“We should doubt all that we know.”

26
Q

2nd meditation of Descartes

A

“I think, therefore I am,”

“Cogito ergo sum.”

27
Q

Last meditation of Descartes

A

“The real essence of man is different from his body.”

28
Q

The mind (soul) is immaterial, non-physical, and non-spatial substance.

A

Rene Descartes

29
Q

2 Reflections of Gabriel Marcel

A

Primary and Secondary

30
Q

“Ob-jectum”

- “It has nothing to do with me nor do I have anything to do with it.”

A

Primary reflection of Gabriel Marcel

31
Q

Our immediate consciousness of what happens. “I have a body.”

A

Primary reflection of Gabriel Marcel

32
Q

“Sub-jective”

- “I have something to do with it and it has something to do with me.”

A

Secondary reflection of Marcel

33
Q

“thrown in front”

A

Ob-jectum

34
Q

“thrown beneath”

A

Sub-jective

35
Q

“etre incarnee”

A

embodied spirit

36
Q

To push beyond ones limitations and turn them into strengths

A

Transcendence

37
Q

It gives limitations to the potentiality of the soul

A

Body

38
Q

Acts as the intermediary between the self/subject and the world

A

Body

39
Q

the theory of matter and form

A

Dualism (Plato)

40
Q

He believed that the form of an object is not some kind of an abstract ideal

A

Aristotle

41
Q

What makes matter a “this”

A

Form

42
Q

The soul is immortal and capable of intelligent thought

A

St. Augustine

43
Q

Man can be divided into body and soul, but the soul is more important

A

St. Augustine

44
Q

(Person) 3 PARTS OF SOUL

A

Plato

45
Q

(Person) 3 DEGREES OF THE SOUL

A

Aristotle

46
Q

(Person) 3 MEDITATION OF BODY AND SOUL

A

Rene Descartes

47
Q

(Person) 2 REFLECTIONS OF BODY AND SOUL

A

Gabriel Marcel

48
Q

The composition of the body and soul as one

A

Human person as embodied spirit

49
Q

The body as a bridge or an obstacle

A

Body as Intermediary

50
Q

The body is not only an intermediary but is also in between me ang others

A

Body as Intersubjectivity

51
Q

Interrelation with other people through the body

A

Body as Intersubjectivity

52
Q

Realizing one’s “higher self” means fulfilling one’s loftiest vision, noblest ideal.

A

Will to Power (Friedrich Nietzsche)

53
Q

The individual has to liberate oneself from environmental influences that are false to one’s essential being

A

Friedrich Nietzsche

54
Q

An unfree man is a disgrace to nature

A

Friedrich Nietzsche

55
Q

“I in world, world in I.”

A

Intersubjectivity Theory

Introduction to Philosophy of Human Person (10 decks)

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