5 exca Physiology, Coagulation Pathways

Question 1

Cascade of events that leads to homeostasis

Answer 1

The coagulation pathway

Question 2

Two paths of coagulation

Answer 2

Intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 3

T/F: the purpose of coagulation is to ultimately stabilize the platelet plug with a fibrin mesh

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Function of coagulation pathway is to keep _____ which is the blockage of a bleeding or hemorrhage

Answer 4

Homeostasis

Question 5

_____ homeostasis is an aggregation of platelets forming a plug at the damaged site of exposed endothelial cells

Answer 5

Primary homeostasis

Question 6

_____hemostasis includes the two main coagulation pathways, intrinsic and extrinsic, that meet up at a point to form the common pathway.

Answer 6

Secondary

Question 7

The common pathway ultimately activates _________into fibrin

Answer 7

Fibrinogen

Question 8

Does fibrin subunits have an affinity for each other to combine into fibrin strands that bind the platelets together, stabilizing the platelet plug?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

The intrinsic pathway consists of factors

Answer 9

Factor I, II, IX, X, XI, and XII

Question 10

Name of factor 1

Answer 10

Fibrinogen

Question 11

Name of factor 2

Answer 11

Prothrombin

Question 12

Name of factor 9

Answer 12

Christmas factor or plasma thromboplastin component (PTA)

Question 13

Name of factor 10

Answer 13

Stuart prower factor

Question 14

Name of factor 11

Answer 14

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA)

Question 15

Name of factor 12

Answer 15

Hageman factor

Question 16

Factor 7 is called?

Answer 16

Stable factor

Question 17

Common pathway consists of

Answer 17

Factor I, II, V, VIII, X

Question 18

The factors circulate through the bloodstream as zymogens and are activated into

Answer 18

Serine proteases

Question 19

These serine proteases act as a catalyst to cleave the next zymogen into more serine proteases and ultimately activate

Answer 19

Fibrinogen

Question 20

Factors that has serine protease

Answer 20

Factor II, VII, IX, X, XI and XII

Question 21

Factors has no serine proteases

Answer 21

Factor V, VIII, XIII

Question 22

The intrinsic pathway is activated through

Answer 22

Exposed endothelial collagen

Question 23

extrinsic pathway is activated through ________released by endothelial cells after external damage.

Answer 23

Tissue factor

Question 24

First factor that will activate in intrinsic pathway

Answer 24

Factor XII (inactivated serine protease)

Question 25

Factor XIIA acts as a catalyst to activate?

Answer 25

Factor IX into Factor XIA

Question 26

This factor is activated by either intrinsic or extrinsic pathway

Answer 26

Factor I

Question 27

Patient can actually clot well without factor?

Answer 27

Factor XII

Question 28

The intrinsic pathway is clinically measured as the?

Answer 28

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Question 29

Once the damage to the vessel is done, the endothelial cells release _______ which goes on to activate factor VII to factor VIIa.

Answer 29

Tissue factor

Question 30

This is the point where both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways become one

Answer 30

Factor X

Question 31

The extrinsic pathway is clinically measured as the

Answer 31

Prothrombin time (PT)

Question 32

Common pathway begins at

Answer 32

Factor X

Question 33

the complex that cleaves factor X into factor Xa

Answer 33

Tenase

Question 34

Two forms of tenase

Answer 34

Extrinsic: factor VII, III and Ca2+ Intrinsic: cofactor factor VIII, XIA, phospholipid and Ca2+.

Question 35

Once activated to factor Xa, it goes on to activate factor II (prothrombin) into factor IIa (thrombin).

Answer 35

.

Question 36

factor Xa requires factor __ as a cofactor to cleave prothrombin into thrombin.

Answer 36

V

Question 37

Factor IIa (thrombin) goes on to activate fibrinogen into

Answer 37

Fibrin

Question 38

As thrombin acts as a procoagulant, it also acts as a __________ by activating __________to plasmin and stimulating the production of ________

Answer 38

Negative feedback, plasminogen, antithrombin

Question 39

acts directly on the fibrin mesh and breaks it down

Answer 39

Plasmin

Question 40

T/F: Thrombin decreases the production of thrombin from prothrombin and decreases the amount of activated factor X.

Answer 40

False: Antithrombin

Question 41

Protein C and S also act to prevent coagulation, mainly by inactivating factors

Answer 41

V and VIII

Question 42

Organs involved in coagulation cascade

Answer 42

Liver , vascular endothelium

Question 43

Lack of coagulation can lead to?

Answer 43

Hemorrhage

Question 44

Coagulopathy in liver disease is treated with

Answer 44

Fresh frozen plasma

Question 45

Hemophilia A is a deficiency in factor___ whereas; in hemophilia B is a deficiency in factor__?

Answer 45

Factor VIII, Factor IX

Question 46

Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation more prevalent in people European descent. This defect causes a state of

Answer 46

Hypercoagulability

Question 47

Deficiencies in protein C and S also can lead to _________ states due to an inability to appropriately inhibit factors V and VIII respectively.

Answer 47

Hypercoagulable

Question 48

Example of factor inhibitor

Answer 48

Lupus anticoagulant

Question 49

Defeciency can lead to elevated PT and PTT. It can present as hemarthrosis

Answer 49

Vitamin K

Question 50

an anticoagulant used in hospital settings for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis

Answer 50

Heparin

Question 51

T/F: Heparin binds and activates AT. AT goes on to inactivate thrombin and factor Xa.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

used for long-term therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation to prevent a thrombus from forming in the left atrium. It acts by inhibiting epoxide reductase.

Answer 52

Warfarin

Question 53

a critical component in coagulation factor production because it helps recycle Vitamin K. Without vitamin K more coagulation factors cannot be produced by the liver.

Answer 53

Epixode reductase