5. Catholicism in New France ✅ Flashcards
What was the only church in New France?
The Catholic Church
What did the Catholic church establish?
Parishes
What is a parish?
A piece of territory overseen by a priest.
What kind of jobs did the priests have?
They had to make records of every single person, like when they got married, became a parent etc…
What did Colonists have to do to attend church regularly?
They paid a tithe (another form of tax) of money or goods.
What happened if they didn’t pay?
They would be taken out of their annual rent to the seigneur every year.
What was an example of Habitants that weren’t respected the priest or churches instructions?
Habitants wouldn’t baptize their child on time.
What would be considered if you didn’t baptize your child?
It would be considered disobedient.
What happened in the case of disobedience?
The priest would receive a pastoral letter from the bishop asking that the particular Habitant corrects their behaviour.
Why did the priest read the letters out loud during church services?
To embarrass the Habitants and their families so that they would want to correct their ways.
Who settled in New France in 1659?
Francois de Laval
What did he find?
The Séminaire de Quebec in Quebec city to train colony priests.
What did he become?
The first bishop in New France
What was his role of being a bishop?
Overseeing all religious activity like seeing that the beliefs, rites (ceremonies) and teachings of the Catholic church were respected through the administration of pastoral letters.
What were religious communities in New France responsible for?
Establishing social support and guidance.
What did many religious communities find?
Schools and hospitals
What did the Catholic church believe would happen if they established a French Catholic colony in New France?
It would serve as a model for evangelization.
Who found the religious community of Ville-Marie and in what year?
Paul de Chomedy de Maisonneuve and Jeanne Mance in 1642.
What did they build?
Churches, schools, and hospitals.
Why were these things built in the middle of an island?
It would be near a river which Native People used so that the French could evangelize them.
What was Maisonneuve responsible for?
Leading the Société de Notre-Dame de Montréal who were responsible for establishing Montreal.
What was Jeanne Mance responsible for?
Developing and running the hospital Hotel-Dieu de Montreal until her death.
What was opened in Quebec city in 1639?
The Ursulines opened a school for girls under the direction of Marie de l’Incarnation.
What was opened that same year?
The Hotel Dieu de Quebec opened by the Augustine’s which was a big hospital.
What did these organizations provide?
They provided services for colonists and First Nations alike.
