2. French colonization ✅

Question 1

What is Mercantilism?

Answer 1

The theory of how the French practiced getting more rich.

Question 2

Why did the country want more wealth?

Answer 2

All coins in France were literally made from precious metals like gold and silver.

Question 3

What were mercantilist states?

Answer 3

States that practiced the theory of mercantilism.

Question 4

What were the role of colonies in France and New France?

Answer 4

Colonists in France were sent to New France to set up colonies there and provide France with natural resources like fur. These resources were transported to France where they were processed and turned into goods. All goods were then sold on European markets. All gold accumulated by the sale of the goods were returned to France. France then acquired precious metals. Processed resources were sent to New France from France so they could live.

Question 5

Why weren’t the resources processed in New France?

Answer 5

It was too expensive to be processed there.

Question 6

What two colonies were established?

Answer 6

Trading post colonies and settlement colonies.

Question 7

Why was a trading post put in specific spots?

Answer 7

They put it in a convient spot so that trading would be efficient for both nations trading with each other.

Question 8

What was the trading post used for?

Answer 8

To trade raw materials.

Question 9

When were the trading posts occupied?

Answer 9

They were occupied on a temporary basis, mostly during the spring and summer.

Question 10

Why were settlement colonies established?

Answer 10

To establish a place that was rich in natural resources, to show power to the Native Peoples, to be a gesture to European countries, to exploit raw materials and settle colonists.

Question 11

How often were Europeans settled there?

Answer 11

They were permanently settled there and formed an organized society.

Question 12

Why were the colonies near water?

Answer 12

So that ships were able to bring supplies.

Question 13

What is monopoly?

Answer 13

The exclusive right to exploit a resource by a merchant or company on the kings behalf.

Question 14

What monopoly was established?

Answer 14

The King Henri IV of France saw the need to establish a colony in New France in order to profit from the booming of the fur trade. He granted merchants a monopoly on the fur trade.

Question 15

What were the relations between the King and merchants and companies?

Answer 15

The king needed colonists to settle and occupy New France in order to exploit its resources. Merchants and companies were looking for new ways to profit from trade. The king granted them a monopoly on the fur trade. Merchants promised to bring colonists to new france to populate the colony.

Question 16

Who was Pierre Du Gua de Monts?

Answer 16

He was one of the first french merchants who was granted a monopoly on the fur trade by the king.

Question 17

What happened after De Monts got a monopoly?

Answer 17

He was unsuccessful after many attempts, so his monopoly was renewed in 1607 on the condition that he established a colony in the St Lawrence Valley.

Question 18

Why did he chose to create a colony in the St Lawrence Valley?

Answer 18

It was a location near water and rich in natural resources.

Question 19

Who helped De Monts establish the colony?

Answer 19

Samuel de Champlain.

Question 20

In what year did Champlain establish Quebec?

Answer 20

1608

Question 21

Why did Champlain chose to settle in Quebec?

Answer 21

The narrowness of the river made it easy to monitor incoming and outgoing ships, it was on a territory frequented by native nations and the St Charles River served as a water way for First Nations to transport fur.

Question 22

Why did the French want to establish relationships with the Natives?

Answer 22

To strength ties to secure more furs obtained by Native people and to evangelize the Native population.

Question 23

What is assimilation?

Answer 23

The absorption and integration of people, ideas or culture into a wider society or culture.

Question 24

Why did the French want the First Nations to assimilate?

Answer 24

To drop their culture and start a new way of life.

Question 25

Who did the French alliance with and in what year?

Answer 25

The Huron-Wendat in 1616.

Question 26

What did making an alliance mean?

Answer 26

You pledged yourself to go to war.

Question 27

Who did they fight against with the Huron Wendat?

Answer 27

The iroquois confederacy.

Question 28

What was the goal for creating religious communities?

Answer 28

To provide housing for colonists and First Nations people alike.

Question 29

What did the French believe would happen after making these communities?

Answer 29

The First Nations would convert after seeing a Christian way of life.

Question 30

What was the first religious communities established and in what year?

Answer 30

Saint Marie in 1639.

Question 31

Where was it built?

Answer 31

On Huron-Wendat land.

Question 32

Why was it ironic to build it on their land?

Answer 32

They just created an alliance, and still want to gain colonists.

Question 33

Who was the community run by?

Answer 33

Jesuit missionnaires

Question 34

What was the goal of a Saint Marie?

Answer 34

To convert the Huron-Wendat who observed the Jesuits and French colonists to about their daily Catholic lives.