5 Categories Of Moral Action

Question 1

What are the 5 categories?

Answer 1

Fard- obligatory 
Mustahab- preferred
Halal- permissible
Makruh- discouraged
Haram- forbidden

Question 2

What does shari’a mean?

Answer 2

The way to the watering hole or the straight path

Question 3

What determines if an action is right or wrong?

Answer 3

Shari’a law

It’s an absolute approach to ethics

Question 4

How is shari’a law formed?

Answer 4

From the Quran
Sunnah and Hadith are secondary sources

After Muhammed died they used
Ijma- consensus of the ummah (later just scholars)
Qiyas- making analogies from the Quran

By the end of 10th century 4 law schools were fixed with a universal view

Question 5

What does shari’a law cover?

Answer 5

Religious and civil matters

All aspects of life

Question 6

Why are they important to the ummah?

Answer 6

Everyone following the same principles means everyone is on the straight path
It strengthens the ummah

Question 7

Why is niyat important?

Answer 7

For an action to be moral you need niyat
Giving to charity isn’t moral if you’re forced to do it
Acting wrongly out of ignorance isn’t your fault and you won’t be punished