5 - Alternative Wines Flashcards
What are examples of dessert wines?
Port, Sherry, Madeira, Late Harvest, Noble Rot
What is an example of the Marangoni effect?
Wine legs is an example of the Marangoni effect
What is The Marangoni effect?
The Marangoni effect is the mass transfer along an interface between two phases due to a gradient of the surface tension.
What can you tell me about alcohol content of a wine and the droplets on the sides of a wine glass?
High alcohol wines collect more droplets on the sides of the glass than low alcohol wines.
Sweet wines collect more droplets on the sides of the glass than dry wines.
What are wine legs?
Wine legs are the droplets of wine that form on the inside of a wine glass. Wine legs are an example of the Gibbs-Marangoni effect, a phenomenon that is the results of fluid surface tension caused by evaporation.
What’s happening to form wine legs?
When you swirl, your wine creates a thin film of wine on the surface of the glass. As the alcohol in the mixture evaporates (creating wine aromas), the leftover water-wine mix collects on the sides of the glass creating droplets that fall back into the glass.
What is the key to great wine legs?
evaporation
What other things affect the rate at which the wine legs form?
Temperature and humidity of a room.
What are some ways to get sweet wine?
Late harvest, noble rot, dried grape, ice wine, early fortification
What can you tell me about noble rot? (Sweet wines)
This is a special kind of fungus (Botrytis) that develops on grapes in foggy regions and causes wines to increase in sweetness with saffron, honey, and ginger notes.
What can you tell me about late harvest? (Sweet wines)
The basic process of late harvest is to leave the grapes in the vine and pick later in the season
What is dried grape? (Sweet wines)
There are many different methods and styles of dried grape wines. This style is particularly popular in Italy where grapes are harvested and laid out on mats in special drying rooms before being pressed into wine.
What is ice wine? (Sweet wines)
When grapes freeze on the vine and are picked and pressed while frozen, only the sugar are released from the grape. This produces the sweetness in these wines.
What is early fortification? (Sweet wines)
Early fortification is about adding distilled alcohol early in fermentation killing the yeast before the sugars are consumed.
What is fortified wine?
You can add distilled spirits to a wine fermentation either during or after fermentation (adding it before would obviously kill all the yeast)
What’s the role of the plates when distilling wine?
In a still, the purity of the finished product depends on the number of “plates” in a continuous (column still), or the number of distillations in a pot still. Bourbon and Brandy use several plates, vodka many more. Irish whiskey, by definition, must be tripled pot distilled. The more plates you use the higher the concentration of alcohol, and the less the contributions from the grain tin that was fermented.
What can you tell me about the number of plate counts in a distillation process?
Distillations with a high plate count would be “neutral spirits” while something with a lower plate count would impart some flavors of the grains or other carbohydrates used in the fermentation.
Where are fortified wines common?
Fortified wines are common in ports from Porto (in Portugal), Sherries (near JErez Spain), the Madeira ISlands (off Spain’s Coast), in Marsala (Sicily, Italy), an din the Vin Doux Naturel (VDN) in France.
What is a Pot Still?
A pot still is a type of still used in distilling spirits such as Whisky or Brandy. Heat is applied directly to the pot containing the wash (For Whisky) or Wine (For Brandy). This is called a batch distillation (as opposed to a continuous distillation).
What is the Gibss-Marangoni effect in wine?
It explains wine legs, caused by fluid surface tension due to evaporation
Why do sweet wines create more droplets on the sides of a wine glass?
They have higher residual sugars, enhancing droplet formation through surface tension
