#5 Flashcards
A college student with a one-day history of diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting is suspected of having Salmonella infection. Which one of the following statements is correct?
A. He should be treated with empiric antibiotics.
B. He should be hospitalized.
C. His illness should be reported to the local health department.
D. Treatment should not begin until definitive results of stool microscopy are available.
C. His illness should be reported to the local health department.
Which one of the following statements about children with clinically significant gastroenteritis-related vomiting is correct?
A. Loperamide (Imodium) should be prescribed to children with hematochezia.
B. Antiemetics can increase the risk of hospitalization.
C. Children with Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli infection should be given anticholinergics or antimotility agents.
D. They may benefit from a single dose of ondansetron (Zofran) to reduce vomiting.
D. They may benefit from a single dose of ondansetron (Zofran) to reduce vomiting.
Which one of the following statements about the preparticipation physical evaluation is correct?
A. It reduces morbidity associated with sports participation.
B. It should ideally be performed by someone other than the patient’s personal physician.
C. The optimal interval for repeat evaluation is unknown.
D. Most athletes are cleared on a sport-restricted basis.
C. The optimal interval for repeat evaluation is unknown.
Which one of the following is highly physically strenuous in both static and dynamic components?
A. Gymnastics.
B. Boxing.
C. Swimming.
D. Squash.
B. Boxing.
Which one of the following statements about treating upper respiratory tract infections is correct?
A. Steam inhalation, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen are all significantly effective for treating respiratory symptoms.
B. A delayed prescription approach was found to effectively decrease antibiotic use.
C. Ibuprofen does not reduce symptoms of chest infection in children.
D. In about one-half of children with respiratory tract infections, general cold symptoms last for at least 14 days.
B. A delayed prescription approach was found to effectively decrease antibiotic use.
Which one of the following statements about key studies on musculoskeletal diseases is correct?
A. Opioids are significantly more effective than placebo for long-term relief of chronic low back pain.
B. Both physical therapy and corticosteroid injection decrease functional shoulder pain and disability by about 80% within one month of treatment.
C. Improvements in shoulder impingement with physical therapy continue for 18 months following initial therapy.
D. A strengthening regimen for plantar fasciitis improves pain more quickly than a stretching regimen.
D. A strengthening regimen for plantar fasciitis improves pain more quickly than a stretching regimen.
Which of the following statements about the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children are correct? (check all that apply)
A. Ranitidine (Zantac) is the only antacid approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in infants younger than 12 months.
B. Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in children are mild but include headaches and diarrhea.
C. No single PPI works better than another for children 12 months and older.
D. PPIs work better than placebo for infants younger than 12 months.
A. Ranitidine (Zantac) is the only antacid approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in infants younger than 12 months.
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B. Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in children are mild but include headaches and diarrhea.
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C. No single PPI works better than another for children 12 months and older.
