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Anatomy & Physiology 1 > 4th exam - Brain And Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

4th exam - Brain And Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four majors divisions of the brain?

A
  1. Brain stem
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Diencephalon
  4. Cerebrum
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2
Q

What are the functions of the brain?

A

Receives sensory input
Integrated new and stored information
Sends motor output
Also responsible for perception,memory, emotion, and behavior

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3
Q

Protective coverings of the brain

A

Cranium
Cranial meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid

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4
Q

What are the brain ventricles?

A

Two lateral ventricles
Third ventricle
Fourth ventricle

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5
Q

This substance:
Protects the brain,
Transports substances between blood and nervous tissue
Circulated through four cavities (ventricles) in brain

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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6
Q

The brain stem consists of:

A

Medulla oblongata
Pons
Midbrain

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7
Q

What is the sensory function of the medulla oblongata?

A 
Touch
Taste
Tasting
Equilibrium
Proprioception
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8
Q

What is the motor function of the medulla oblongata?

A

Control the skeletal muscles of limbs and trunk

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9
Q

What is the integrative function of the medulla oblongata?

A 
Regulates:
Heart rate
Stroke volume of heart
Diameter of blood vessels
Ventilation rate
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10
Q

Part of the brain stem that is responsible for:
Communication between two sides of cerebellum and cerebrum and the rest of the brain
Regulation of ventilation rate

A

Pons

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11
Q

Part of the brain stem responsible for:
Sensory function (hearing)
Motor function (eye muscles)
Communication between cerebrum and spinal cord

A

Midbrain

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12
Q

Part of the brain that regulate balance and posture, and coordinate skilled movements

A

Cerebellum

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13
Q

What does the diencephalon consists of?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

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14
Q

Part of the diencephalon that relays sensory information from brain stem to cerebrum, and the communication between cerebrum and cerebellum

A

Thalamus

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15
Q

Part of the diencephalon that is a component of both nervous and endocrine systems and is a major regulator of homeostasis

A

Hypothalamus

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16
Q

Functions of the hypothalamus

A
  1. Controls ANS
  2. Regulates body temperature
  3. Regulates biological clock
  4. Regulates eating and drinking
  5. Regulates emotions and behavior
17
Q

The epithalamus consists of:

A

Pineal gland

Habenular nuclei

18
Q

Part of the epithalamus that is involved in regulation of biological clock releasing melatonin

A

Pineal body

19
Q

Part of the epithalamus that is involved in smell

A

Habenular nuclei

20
Q

Largest part of the brain and consists of two cerebral hemispheres

A

Cerebrum

21
Q

Connects the two cerebral hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

22
Q

Superficial layer of grey matter and is highly folded

A

Cerebral cortex

23
Q

Part of the cerebrum that is the deep layer

A

Cerebral white matter

24
Q

Raised ridges on the cerebrum

A

Gyri

25
Q

Shallow valleys between gyri found on the cerebrum

A

Sulci

26
Q

Part of the cerebrum consisting of deep valleys dividing lobes

A

Fissure

27
Q

Four lobes of a cerebral hemisphere

A

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe

28
Q

Masses of grey matter within white matter of cerebral hemispheres
Regulate body temperature
Suppress unwanted movements

A

Basal nuclei

29
Q

Ring of structures encircling brain stem and corpus callosum
Generates emotion
Involved in olfaction
Involved in memory

A

Limbic system

30
Q

Term used to describe when the left side of cerebrum receives input from and send output to right side of body vice versa

A

Crossing over

31
Q

Term used to describe when some mental functions are primarily (but not entirely) performed in particular hemisphere

A

Hemispheric lateralization

32
Q

Which hemisphere has:
Reasoning
Numerical skill
Language

A

Left hemisphere

33
Q

Which hemisphere has:
Musical and artistic skills
Spatial and pattern perception
Recognition of faces and emotional content of language

A

Right hemisphere

Anatomy & Physiology 1 (9 decks)

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