4A.8 Local government policies aim to represent areas as being attractive for inward investment.

Question 1

Cambridge science park -

Answer 1

Aims to create authentic, attractive business environments for investors and workers who play a role in managing these areas. One of the largest in the UK and had attracted through FDI.

Infrastructure Development:

Cambridge Science Park: Established in 1970 by Trinity College, it provides state-of-the-art facilities and infrastructure tailored for high-tech and biotech companies.
Transport Links: Excellent connectivity through road, rail, and proximity to London Stansted Airport enhances accessibility for international businesses.

Question 2

Local interest groups play a role in the decision of regeneration -

Answer 2

Major regeneration projects require the support of minority groups, it is normally up to the local council or a district council, to take the lead in ensuring projects are successful.

Question 3

London 2012 Olympics -
(Sport led regeneration)

Answer 3

Example of sport led urban regeneration.
Cost 10 billion
300 events
11,000 athletes
East London. Overall was used to increase attractiveness and generate tourists and popularity as a soft power of influencing regeneration in the area.

Question 4

Cabot circus as an urban regeneration strategy -

Answer 4

120 leading shops in the heart of Bristol with 2500 car parking spaces.

Question 5

Rural regeneration Powys aim -

Answer 5

To exploit a beautiful area landscape to make appropriate opportunities of green tourism, the agricultural industry and the creative industries.

Question 6

London 2012 Olympics +/-

Answer 6

London Olympics 2012
Positive: Economic Boost

Fact: The London Olympics 2012 generated significant economic benefits. According to a report by the UK Government, the Olympics contributed an estimated £9.9 billion to the UK economy, with East London experiencing substantial improvements in infrastructure, tourism, and job creation. The event created approximately 70,000 jobs, many of which were filled by local residents, and boosted tourism, with an estimated 10 million additional visitors to the UK during the Olympic year.
Negative: Displacement

Fact: The construction and development for the Olympics led to the displacement of local communities. For example, the Clays Lane estate, home to around 450 residents, was demolished to make way for the Olympic Village. Many residents reported feeling inadequately compensated and disrupted by the relocation process, highlighting the social costs of such large-scale urban regeneration projects.

Question 7

Cambridge science park positives and negatives -

Answer 7

Cambridge Science Park
Positive: Innovation Ecosystem

Fact: Cambridge Science Park has fostered a robust innovation ecosystem. The park houses over 100 high-tech companies and research organizations. According to the Cambridge Science Park’s own data, it supports over 6,500 jobs in the technology and biotech sectors. This proximity to the University of Cambridge has led to numerous successful startups and collaborations, such as the development of the world’s first artificial pancreas by a team based at the park and the university.
Negative: Gentrification

Fact: The success of Cambridge Science Park has contributed to rising property prices and living costs in the area. According to the Centre for Cities, Cambridge’s house prices have increased by 76% since 2009, making it one of the least affordable cities in the UK. This gentrification has led to concerns about the displacement of lower-income residents and increased socio-economic inequalities.

Question 8

Powys positives and negatives -

Answer 8

Powys in Wales
Positive: Sustainable Practices

Fact: Powys has emphasized sustainable agricultural practices and eco-tourism to regenerate its economy. The region promotes organic farming and has a growing number of eco-friendly tourism initiatives. According to the Welsh Government, agriculture in Powys benefits from schemes such as Glastir, which supports sustainable land management. This focus on sustainability has helped preserve the natural landscape while boosting local agricultural productivity and eco-tourism.
Negative: Limited Resources

Fact: Rural regeneration in Powys faces challenges due to limited resources and investment. The region has a lower level of infrastructure development compared to urban areas. According to the Powys County Council, broadband coverage and digital connectivity lag behind national averages, with many rural areas lacking high-speed internet access. This digital divide hampers the region’s ability to attract new businesses and retain young talent, slowing economic growth.