4.5.1 - crude oil Flashcards
what is a hydrocarbon
a compound made of hydrogen and carbon only
why does crude oil boil over a large range of temperatures
the different hydrocarbons in crude oil come in a huge variety of shapes and sizes
as the boiling points of hydrocarbons increase….
- the fractions get darker in colour
- the fractions get more viscous
what are names of the important fractions of crude oil
- refinery gases
- gasoline
- kerosene
- diesel
- fuel oil
- bitumen
uses of refinery gases
fuel for home cooking
uses of gasoline
fuel for cars
uses of kerosene
fuel for aircraft
uses of diesel
fuel for trains
uses of fuel oil
fuel for ships
uses of bitumen
making roads
order of crude oil fractions from light to dark
- refinery gases
- gasoline
- kerosene
- diesel
- fuel oil
- bitumen
order of crude oil fractions from low to high viscosity
- refinery gases
- gasoline
- kerosene
- diesel
- fuel oil
- bitumen
order of crude oil fractions from low to high molecular mass
- refinery gases
- gasoline
- kerosene
- diesel
- fuel oil
- bitumen
order of crude oil fractions from low to high BP
- refinery gases
- gasoline
- kerosene
- diesel
- fuel oil
- bitumen
how are crude oil fractions separated?
fractional distillation
what are temperatures like in the fractionating column
fractional distillation to separate crude oil fractions
- hotter at bottom
- colder at top
how does a fractionating column work?
fractional distillation to separate crude oil fractions
- heated crude oil vapours enter the column
- vapours rise until they reach their boiling point, when they condense
- different vapours condense at different heights due to their different boiling points
- similar vapours condense together as a fraction
what are fractions
mixtures containing the hydrocarbons that boil in a particular temperature range
