4.4 Wave Behaviour Flashcards
Law of Reflection
Angle of incidence (i) is equal to angle of reflection (r)
Refraction
Takes place at the boundary between two different media, where a wave will undergo a change in direction due to a change in speed wave when transitioning from one medium to another
Rule of Refraction
As ray travels into optically denser medium, ray of light is refracted towards normal
Snell’s Law
sinθ2/sinθ1 = c2/c1
Snell’s Law for Light
sinθ2/sinθ1 = c2/c1 = (c/c1)/(c/c2) = n1/n2 or n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2
Total Internal Reflection
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Critical Angle
Angle at which reflected ray is refracted at 90 degrees
Critical Angle Formula
sinθc = 1/n2
Reflection
The act of rebounding off a medium intersection into the same medium once again
Transmission
The act of passing through a medium, into another medium
Incident Ray
The ray traveling towards a medium intersection and towards a normal
Reflected ray
The ray which has been rebounded off the medium boundary, and is travelling away from the normal
Normal
A line which is perpendicular to two mediums
Specular Reflection
A single ray of light strikes a smooth mirror it producing a single reflected ray.
Diffuse Reflection
Diffuse reflection occurs when a single incident ray is generally scatted in all directions.
Diffraction
When waves pass through apertures they tend to spread out, or around objects
Wavelength in Diffraction
Smaller slit results in a greater increase in wavelength
Single-Slit Diffraction Observations
Central maximum intensity
Other maxima occurs roughly halfway between minima
As angle increases, intensity of maxima decreases
Coherent Sources
Same frequency
Constant phase relationship
Two Source Interference
Emission of two coherent waves which have roughly the same amplitude
Path Difference
Difference in distance of the point from both sources
Δr = |S1P - S2P|
Constructive Interference
When path difference |S1P - S2P| = nλ (n = 0,1,2,3…0) or when waves in phase
Destructive Interference
When path difference |S1P - S2P| = (n+1/2)λ (n = 0,1,2,3…) or when waves exactly out of phase
Double Slit Interference
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