4.1 Oscillations

Question 1

Simple Harmonic Oscillations

Answer 1

An object continually moving to and fro about a fixed point (the mean position) retracing the same path, following the same time per repeat. (Interchange of kinetic and potential energy)

Question 2

Period, T

Answer 2

Time taken to complete full oscillation in seconds

Question 3

Amplitude

Answer 3

Maximum displacement from the equilibrium position

Question 4

Simple Harmonic Motion

Answer 4

The magnitude of the acceleration of the body displaced away from the equilibrium is proportional to displacement and direction of acceleration towards equilibrium

Question 5

Simple Harmonic Motion Characteristics

Answer 5

Period and amplitude constant
The period is independent of Amplitude
Displacement, velocity and acceleration are sine or cosine functions of time

Question 6

Frequency, f

Answer 6

Number of full oscillations per second in Hz

Question 7

The relation between frequency and period

Answer 7

f = 1/T in Hz

Question 8

Phase difference, Φ

Answer 8

Φ = shift/T x 360° in degrees

Question 9

Simple Harmonic Motion Graph Characteristics

Answer 9

Acceleration leads velocity by 90°
Velocity leads displacement by 90°
Acceleration and displacement are 180° out of phase
Displacement lags velocity by 90°
Velocity lags acceleration by 90°

Question 10

Energy Interchange

Answer 10

Internal energy always same as when kinetic increases, potential decreases by the same amount (vice versa)