3.2 Gas Laws Flashcards
Definition of Pressure
The normal force applied per unit area
Formula for Pressure
p = (F)/(A)
SI Unit of Pressure
Nm^-2 which is Pascal: Pa or can be Atm: 1.013 x10^5 Pa
Definition of Ideal Gas
Theoretical model of a gas that helps us to understand the behaviour of real, actual gases.
6 Traits of an Ideal Gas
- Molecules are point (perfect spheres) particles, each with negligible volume
- Molecules obey laws of mechanics
- There are no forces between the molecules except for when they collide
- Duration of collisions is negligible when regarding time between collisions
- 6.
- Cannot be liquefied or solidified
Gay Lussac’s Law (Pressure Law)
At constant volume, pressure is directly proportional to temperature
Gay Lussac’s Law Equation
(p1)/(T1) = (p2)/(T2) when volume is constant
Boyle’s Law
At constant temperature, pressure is inversely proportional to volume
Boyle’s Law Equation
(p1)(V1) = (p2)(V2) at constant pressure
Charles’s Law
At constant pressure, Volume and Temperature are directly proportional to each other
Charles’s Law Equation
(V1)/(T1) = (V2)/(T2)
Equation of State
(p1)(V1)/(T1) = (p2)(V2)/(T2)
The Mole (mol) (Avogardro’s Constant) (n)
(6.02)(10^23) mol-1
Calculating Mols
n = (N)/(NA) where N is number of molecules and NA is Avogardro’s constant
Atomic Mass Unit (1u)
1/12 mass of carbon 12 (Mass of carbon 12 is 12u)
Molar gas constant (R)
8.314 in J/molK
Finding mol using molar mass (μ)
n = m/μ
Ideal gas formula (using mol)
pV = nRT
Boltzmann’s constant (kB)
kB = R/NA = (1.38 x 10^-23) in J/K
Revised ideal gas formula (using kB)
pV = kBNT where N is number of molecules
Ideal gas formula v3 (using KE)
EK = (3/2)(KB)(T) in J
