44 tetracyclines, and such

Question 1

___ is a glycylcycline and a semisynthetic derivative of minocycline

Answer 1

tigecycline

Question 2

tigecycline is a derivative of?

Answer 2

minocycline

Question 3

are broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis

Answer 3

tetracycline

Question 4

tetracycline enter microorganism in part by???

Answer 4

passive diffusion
and
energy-dependent process of active transport

Question 5

tetracycline binds reversible to what subunit?

Answer 5

30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, blocking the building of aminoacyl-tRNA to the acceptor site on the mRNA-ribosome complex

Question 6

tetracyclines are active against?

Answer 6

gram positive bacteria and certain gram negative bacteria

Question 7

Three mechanism of resistance to tetracycline

Answer 7

1. Impaired influx or increased efflux by an active transport protein pump
2. Ribosome protection due to production of proteins that interfere with tetracycline binding to the ribosome
3. Enzymatic inactivation

Question 8

Tetracycline cross the placenta and are also excreted in ____ as a result of chelation with calcium.

Answer 8

Breast milk

Question 9

10 - 50% of tetracycline is excreted into _____ , mainly by glomerular filtration. 10 - 40% is excreted into ______

Answer 9

10 - 50 % - urine
10 - 40 % - feces

Question 10

Is tetracycline short-acting?

Answer 10

Yes (6-8 HL)

Question 11

An intermediate acting tetracycline

Answer 11

Demeclocycline ( 12 HL)

Question 12

A long acting tetracycline

Answer 12

Doxycycline and minocycline (16-18 HL)

Question 13

Drug of choice in the treatment of most infections caused by rickettsiae and borrelia sp

Answer 13

Tetracycline

Question 14

are also excellent drugs for the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydiae, and some spirochetes. They are used in combination regimens to treat gastric and duodenal ulcer disease caused by Helicobacter pylori.

Answer 14

Tetracycline

Question 15

Alternative agent recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for primary and secondary syphilis in patients with penicillin allergy.

Answer 15

Doxycycline

Question 16

Sometimes used in the treatment or prophylaxis of protozoal infections , community-acquired pneumonia,leptospirosis

Answer 16

Tetracycline

Question 17

The first glycylcycline to reach clinical practice

Answer 17

Tigecycline

Question 18

Adverse effect of tigecycline

Answer 18

Nausea , occasionally vomiting

Question 19

Most common reasons for discontinuing tetracycline

Answer 19

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

Question 20

Drug that is readily bound to calcium deposited in newly formed bone or teeth in young children

Answer 20

Tetracycline

Question 21

When a tetracycline is given during pregnancy, it can be deposited in the fetal teeth, leading to???

Answer 21

Fluorescence, discoloration and enamel dysplasia. Can also be deposited in bone, where it may cause deformity or growth inhibition.