4.4 Climate change

Question 1

what are green house gases

Answer 1

carbon dioxide and water vapour - most significant

water continues to contain heat after it condenses to form droplets of liquid in the clouds

it reflects heat back quickly

this is why temp drops quickly in areas where no clouds at night

Question 2

greenhouse gases with less impact

Question 3

how to assess the effect of greenhouse gases and what is long wave radiatio

Answer 3

• how readily the gas absorbs long wave radiation
• concentration of gas in atmosphere

conc depends on rate of release and time it remains in atmosphere

lon

Question 4

global temperatures and carbon dioxide concentration

Answer 4

if greenhouse gases conc change we can expect global tempertaure to rise and fall accordingly

we can determine conc of carbon dioxide levels in the past by drilling into the ice as we can see how much carbon dioxide is in bubbles of air from further down in the ice

global temp can be deduced from ratio of hydrogen isotopes in teh water molecuels

correlation co2 conc an global temp

Question 5

how do global temp affect climate

Question 6

how does industrialisation affect climate

Answer 6

correlation rising co2 levels and industrial revolution

largerly due to burning of fossil fuels

Question 7

how do increased co2 levels in the ocean threaten coral reefs

Answer 7

ocean acidification is worse as co2 conc in atmosphere rises as more dissolves

marine animals with caco3 in their ecoskeletons and shell and also in coral reefs need to absorb carboante iosn from water but there are few and tehy are highly insolube,

because c02 reacts with water to form carbonic acid which dissosicates and the hydrogen reacts with carbonate ions to produce hydrogen carbonate

if seawater is not satruated wtih carbonate exoskeletosn will dissolve