42B Peds Seizure Disorder

Question 1

What can induce an absence seizure?

Answer 1

hyperventilation

Question 2

Age of onset for absence seizures?

Answer 2

childhood

Question 3

Has an aura?

Answer 3

complex partial seizure

Question 4

Abrupt onset?

Answer 4

absence seizure

Question 5

Duration of absence seizure vs complex partial seizure?

Answer 5

sec vs minutes

Question 6

Abrupt termination?

Answer 6

absence seizure

Question 7

Frequency of absence seizure?

Answer 7

can be multiple times per day

Question 8

Post-ictal phase?

Answer 8

complex partial seizure

Question 9

Focal lesions on imaging?

Answer 9

complex partial seizure

Question 10

MC type of childhood seizure?

Peak incidence?

Answer 10

febrile

18mo

Question 11

Complex vs simple febrile seizure?

Answer 11

simple = isolated, generalized, brief

complex = multiple, focal, prolonged

Question 12

How commonly do febrile seizures recur?

Answer 12

90% of kids have recurrence w/in 1 yr of onset

Question 13

Risk factors for febrile seizure recurrence?

Answer 13

• young age of onset (<18mo)
• febrile seizure of 1st degree relative
• low grade fever in ER
• brief duration between fever and seizure

Question 14

Risk factors for epilepsy in children w/ febrile seizures?

Answer 14

• complex febrile seizures
• family hx epilepsy
• neuro impairment prior to febrile seizure

Question 15

Common infections associated with febrile seizures?

Answer 15

HHV-6B

HHV-7

Question 16

Infantile spasms:

Age of onset?

Answer 16

3-7mo

Question 17

Infantile spasms:

Characterized?

Answer 17

brief, bil, symm contraction of neck, trunk and extremities

Question 18

Infantile spasms:

MC type of spasm seen?

Answer 18

flexor spasms, arms an legs drawn up

Question 19

Infantile spasms:

Non-motor symptoms?

Answer 19

crying or giggling

flushing or becoming pale/cyanotic

Question 20

Infantile spasms:

EEG?

Answer 20

hypsarrhythmia with high voltage, chaotic activity between seizures

Question 21

West Syndrome =

Answer 21

triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, developmental arrest/regression

Question 22

Lennox-Gastaut:

Age of onset?

Answer 22

1-8 y/o

Question 23

Lennox-Gastaut:

Triad?

Answer 23

1. at least 2 seizures (tonic, atypical absence atonic)
2. slowing of mental dev
3. EEG = “slow spike and wave”

Question 24

Lennox-Gastaut:

Prognosis?

Answer 24

life-long seizures that are hard to control

Question 25

Childhood absence epilepsy:

Age of onset?

Answer 25

4-8 y/o

Question 26

Childhood absence epilepsy:

Neurological status?

Answer 26

nml

Question 27

Childhood absence epilepsy:

EEG?

Answer 27

generalized 3Hx spike-and-wave discharges w/ nml EEG background

Question 28

Childhood absence epilepsy:

Characterized?

Answer 28

multiple absence seizures per day

Question 29

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy:

Age of onset?

Answer 29

adolescence

7-13 = abs
12-18 = myocl
13-20 = tonic-cl

Question 30

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy:

Characterized?

Answer 30

tonic-clonic, myoclonic or absence seizures (different seizures = different age of onset)

*myoclonic = brief, bil asymm jerks in arms (or legs), conscious

Question 31

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy:

MC time for myoclonic?

Answer 31

early morning (drop things)

Question 32

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy:

Ppt factors?

Answer 32

• sleep deprivation
• ETOH
• stress
• awakening from nocturnal or daytime sleep
• photic stim

Question 33

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy:

Etiology?

Answer 33

genetic (AD, chr 6)

Question 34

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy:

Location of discharges?

Answer 34

lower Rolandic area

Question 35

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy:

Age of onset?

Answer 35

4-12 (*8-9)

Question 36

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy:

Most specific type of seizure?

Answer 36

facial motor

Question 37

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy:

MC presentation?

Answer 37

nocturnal generalized tonic-clonic

Question 38

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy:

Prognosis?

Answer 38

usually stops by 14-16

Question 39

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy:

EEG?

Answer 39

central-temporal spikes