4.2.2 Classification and Evolution

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

A group of organisms that can breed together to give fertile offspring.

Question 2

Kingdom

Answer 2

The largest group of organisms.

Question 3

Prokaryote

Answer 3

Unicellular organisms that consist of a single prokaryotic cell that lacks a membrane bound nucleus, and other membrane bound organelles. E.g bacteria

Question 4

Protoctista

Answer 4

Any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant or fungus and they tend to be unicellular.

Question 5

Fungi

Answer 5

Get energy by digesting and absorbing materials. The have cells with cell walls but no chloroplast. E.g yeast, moulds and mushrooms.

Question 6

Plantae

Answer 6

Mainly multicellular predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes that have a cell wall and chloroplasts.

Question 7

Animalia

Answer 7

Multicellular organisms that lack cell walls and chloroplasts of which consume other organisms.

Question 8

Classification

Answer 8

Grouping organisms according to their similarities and differences.

Question 9

Phylogeny

Answer 9

The study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Question 10

Natural Selection

Answer 10

Term used to explain how features of the environment apply a selective force on the reproduction of individuals in a population.

Question 11

Intraspecific variation

Answer 11

Variation among members of the same species.

Question 12

Interspecific variation

Answer 12

Differences between species.

Question 13

Continuous variation

Answer 13

Variation where there are two extremes and a full range of values in between.

Question 14

Discontinuous variation

Answer 14

Where there are distinct categories and nothing in between.

Question 15

Evolution

Answer 15

The change in heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Question 16

Domain characteristics

Answer 16

The highest taxonomic rank in the hierarchical biological classification system, above kingdom level.