2.1.2 Biological Molecules

Question 1

Alpha glucose

Answer 1

A glucose molecule and is the monomer unit in starch.

Question 2

Beta glucose

Answer 2

A glucose molecule and is the monomer unit in cellulose.

Question 3

Benedict’s test

Answer 3

Biochemical test for the presence of reducing sugars in a substance.

Question 4

Biuret test

Answer 4

Biochemical test for the presence of proteins in a substance.

Question 5

Condensation

Answer 5

A chemical reaction where two molecules bond covalently to produce a larger molecule and releases a molecule of water.

Question 6

Covalent bond

Answer 6

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons.(a shared pair of electrons)

Question 7

Disaccharide

Answer 7

A molecule that is made of two monosaccharide sugars joined by a glycosidic bond.

Question 8

Ester bond

Answer 8

The bond created when fatty acid molecules are joined to glycerol molecules in condensation reactions.

Question 9

Glycosidic bond

Answer 9

It is a covalent bond formed when monosaccharides are joined together in condensation reactions.

Question 10

Hydrogen bond

Answer 10

A weak electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative charged atoms in polar molecules.

Question 11

Hydrolysis

Answer 11

A reaction in which a large molecule is broken down into small molecules, by the addition of water and the breaking of a covalent bond.

Question 12

Monomer

Answer 12

A small molecule that is one of the units bonded together to form a polymer.

Question 13

Monosaccharide

Answer 13

A monomer of polysaccharides ( a single sugar).

Question 14

Phospholipid

Answer 14

A molecule consisting of glycerol, two fatty acids and a phosphate group covalently bonded together.

Question 15

Polar

Answer 15

Hydrophilic molecules with an unequal distribution of charge.

Question 16

Polymer

Answer 16

A large molecule made by covalently joining many similar small molecules together in a condensation reaction.

Question 17

Polysaccharide

Answer 17

A carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic bonds.

Question 18

Starch

Answer 18

A polysaccharide found in plant cells. it is formed from the covalent bonding together of many glucose molecules.

Question 19

Triglyceride

Answer 19

A molecule consisting of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules covalently bonded together.

Question 20

Water

Answer 20

Polar molecule made of two hydrogen and one oxygen molecule.