4.1.6 PSYCHOANALYSIS Flashcards
PSYCHOANALYSIS
- Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic method based on Freud’s theories.
- It tries to uncover the depressed person’s repressed memories and allow them to gain insight into the cause of their depression - making the unconscious conscious.
EXPLAIN HOW PSYCHOANALYSIS IS CONDUCTED
Freud would have a patient lie on a couch to relax, and he would sit behind them taking notes while they told him about their dreams and childhood memories.
Psychoanalysis would be a lengthy process, involving many sessions with the psychoanalyst.
FREE ASSOCIATION
When the client says whatever comes into his or her mind and the analyst looks for connections between seemingly-unconnected ideas. According to Freud, long pauses indicate that the client is uncovering repressed ideas. Techniques like the Rorschach inkblot test can help with free association.
DREAM ANALYSIS
“the royal road to the unconscious.” He argued that the conscious mind is like a censor, but it is less vigilant when we are asleep.
As a result, repressed ideas come to the surface - though what we remember may well have been altered during the dream process.
As a result, we need to distinguish between the manifest content and the latent content of a dream. The former is what we actually remember.
The latter is what it really means. Freud believed that very often the real meaning of a dream had a sexual significance and in his theory of sexual symbolism he speculates on the underlying meaning of common dream themes.
SLIPS OF THE TONGUE
Unconscious thoughts and feelings can transfer to the conscious mind in the form of parapraxes, popularly known as Freudian slips or slips of the tongue. We reveal what is really on our mind by saying something we didn’t mean to.
For, example is where a person may call a friend’s new partner by the name of a previous one, whom we liked better.
Freud believed that slips of the tongue provided an insight into the unconscious mind and that there were no accidents, every behavior (including slips of the tongue) was significant (i.e., all behavior is determined).
TRANSFERENCE
The client transfers feelings they have towards their parents onto the analyst. Transference brings to the surface conflicts from the client’s childhood and uncovers repressed memories.
COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE
occurs when the therapist projects their own unresolved conflicts onto the client. This could be in response to something the client has unearthed.
SUBJECTIVE COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE
The therapist’s own unresolved issues are the cause. This can be harmful if not detected.
OBJECTIVE COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE
The therapist’s reaction to their client’s maladaptive behaviours is the cause. This can benefit the therapeutic process.
POSITIVE COUNTER-TRANSFERENCE
The therapist is over-supportive, trying too hard to befriend their client, and disclosing too much. This can damage the therapeutic relationship.
NEGATIVE COUNTER- TRANSFERENCE
The therapist acts out against uncomfortable feelings in a negative way, including being overly critical and punishing or rejecting the client.
