4.1.1: Basic concepts of organic chemistry

Question 1

What is the general formula of an alkane ?

Answer 1

Cn H2N+2

Question 2

What is the general formula of an alkene ?

Answer 2

Cn H2n

Question 3

What is the general formula of an alcohol ?

Answer 3

Cn H2n+1OH

Question 4

Define homologous series

Answer 4

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group but each successive member differs by CH2

Question 5

Define functional group

Answer 5

Part of an organic molecule responsible for chemical properties and characteristic reactions

Question 6

Define saturated molecule

Answer 6

Contains single carbon-carbon bonds only
c-c

Question 7

Define unsaturated molecule

Answer 7

Contains multiple carbon-carbon bonds c=c

Question 8

Define hydrocarbon

Answer 8

Contains hydrogen and carbon atoms only

Question 9

Define aliphatic

Answer 9

Compound containing straight, branched hydrocarbon chains or non-aromatic rings

Question 10

Define alicyclic

Answer 10

Aliphatic compounds arranged in a non-aromatic rings

Question 11

Define aromatic

Answer 11

Compound containing a benzene ring

Question 12

What do curly arrows show ?

Answer 12

The movement of an electron pair

Question 13

Define bond fission

Answer 13

Breaking of a covalent bond

Question 14

Define heterolytic fission

Answer 14

When a covalent bond breaks and both electrons of shared pair go to one atom

Question 15

Define homolytic fission

Answer 15

When a covalent bond breaks each electron of shared pair goes to a different atom

Question 16

Define radical

Answer 16

Species with an unpaired electron

Question 17

Define structural isomerism

Answer 17

Compounds with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula