2.2.1: Electron structure

Question 1

Define atomic orbital

Answer 1

Region around a nucleus that holds 2 electrons with opposite spins

Question 2

What is the shape of an s orbital

Answer 2

Spherical

Question 3

What is the shape of a p orbital

Answer 3

Dumb-bell

Question 4

How many electrons in the first,second, third and fourth shell

Answer 4

1= 2
2= 8
3= 18
4= 32

Question 5

How many electrons in each orbital ?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

How many orbitals (and therefore electrons) in s sub shell ?

Answer 6

1 (2)

Question 7

How many orbitals (and therefore electrons) in p sub shell ?

Answer 7

3 (6)

Question 8

How many orbitals (and therefore electrons) in d sub shell ?

Answer 8

5 (10)

Question 9

How many orbitals (and therefore electrons) in f sub shell ?

Answer 9

7 (14)

Question 10

What do the arrows on an orbital diagram represent ?

Answer 10

Spin up electron and spin down electron

Question 11

What are the exceptions to the rule that orbitals with the same energy fill singly before pairing ?

Answer 11

Copper [Ar] 3d5 4s1
Chromium [Ar] 3d10 4s1

Question 12

Describe the relative energies in a p orbital compared to a s orbital in a nitrogen atom (3 singly filled orbitals)

Answer 12

-p-orbitals have greater energy than
s-orbitals
-p orbitals have equal energy

Question 13

Describe the relative energies of 3 s orbitals

Answer 13

3 s-orbitals have equal energy

Question 14

What happens when magnesium is oxidised in terms of electron transfer?

Answer 14

Magnesium loses 2 electrons

Question 15

How many orbitals are in shell 3?

Answer 15

9 (as there are 18 electrons)

Question 16

Give ionic equation for precipitation of silver bromide

Answer 16

Ag+(aq) + Br-(aq) → AgBr(s)

Question 17

Are 4s or 3d taken away from first during ionisation ?

Answer 17

4s

Question 18

How many orbitals in a third shell of an element ?

Answer 18

9

Question 19

How many orbitals in the first shell of an element ?

Answer 19

1

Question 20

How many orbitals in the second shell of an element ?

Answer 20

4

Question 21

How many orbitals in the fourth shell of an element ?

Answer 21

16