410 exam 3 material pt 2

Question 1

Renin

Answer 1

Released by kidneys converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1 (A1)

Question 2

ACE inhibitors

Answer 2

• prevent an enzyme in the body from producing angiotensin II
• block formation of A2, reducing vasoCONSTRICTION and eventual water retention- -generic meds end in -pril

Question 3

ACE receptor Blockers

Answer 3

• block the effect of angiotensin II
• help widen blood vessels to allow blood to flow more easily, which lowers blood pressure.
• Binds w/ A2 receptors
• better blocks renin-angiotensin sys than ace inhibitors

Question 4

HMG CoA Reductase inhibitors (statins)

Answer 4

• most effective at lowering LDL

- Slows enzyme that controls hepatic chol formation causing dec in circulating VLDL

Question 5

Fibric acid derivatives (fibrates)

Answer 5

• lower blood triglyceride levels
• inc lipoprotein lipase activity which catabolize VLDL; Which results in large dec in TG also inc free fatty acid uptake by liver
• by increasing degradation and reducing the hepatic production of VLDL.

Question 6

Niacin (nicotinic acid)

Answer 6

• used for low HDL and high TG
• inhibits lipolysis from adipose- dec FA delivered to liver
• indirectly inhibiting VLDL and TG synthesis and release

Question 7

bile acid binding resins

Answer 7

• medications for lowering (LDL)

- resisns bind to chol containing bile acids in intestines preventing their reabsorption and uptake by liver

Question 8

antithrombotics

Answer 8

3 events to thrombus formation

1. exposure of circulating bl to thrombogenic material
2. activation of platelets
3. triggering of coagulation cascade (platelets adhering to each other… or aggression)

Question 9

Platelet inhibitors

Answer 9

• inhibits platelet activation and aggregation (slows chemicals that formate and attract platelets)

Question 10

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

Answer 10

• renin- released by kidneys turns angiotensinogen to A1
• A1 is converted to A2 by an angiotensin converting enzyme in the lung vasculature
• Process designed to Sustain Bl pressure

Question 11

HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Answer 11

• lowers LDL

- Slows enzyme that controls hepatic chol formation

Question 12

Digitalis

Answer 12

helps inc left ventricular contraction

slows down depolarization which slows contraction

Question 13

Cardiac muscle Blockers

Answer 13

• Dec Heart contractility, HR, thus lowering myocardial oxygen demand and maintaining myocardial oxygen supply
• also interfers w/ SA and AV nodes so these meds are used to treat arrhythmias