410 exam 2 part 2

Question 1

CV Surgical interventions: surgery is necessary for those w/…

Answer 1

• unremitting symptoms
• intolerant to meds
• lack of motivation to comply to meds or other treatments
• presence of conditions related to poor survival

Question 2

Most common surgery methods

Answer 2

• coronary artery bypass graphing
• percutaneous coronary interventions
  both of these are performed after coronary catheterization has revealed significant lesions

Question 3

coronary artery bypass (CAB)

Answer 3

surgery to restore normal bf to an obstructed coronary artery

• heart is slowed by infusing cold solution around heart wall until surgery complete
• clamp and cannulate aorta, cannulate vena cava, detouring bl ar heart and lungs to an external pump

Question 4

atrial fib (complications after CAB surgery)

Answer 4

• Unorganized depolarization of atrial tissue
• High HR’s at rest and during exercise
• Occurs after 1/3 of all CAB

Question 5

post surgery complications

Answer 5

• stroke from intraoperative hypotension and or emboli

Question 6

Percutaneous coronary angioplasty

Answer 6

procedure used to open clogged heart arteries. Angioplasty uses a tiny balloon catheter that is inserted in a blocked blood vessel to help widen it and improve blood flow to the heart.

Question 7

medistinitis

Answer 7

infection at sternotomy: oozing, pain and tenderness. failure to heal
takes 1m to heal

Question 8

Restinosis

Answer 8

abrupt artery reclosure due to dissection of intimal layer

->50% block recurrence of angina w/in 1-8mos

Question 9

Rotational atherectomy

Answer 9

• pulverizes lesions
• plaque is ground into tiny pieces
• mini drill on end of cardiac catheter
• usually for calcified inelastic lesions followed by angioplasty and stent

Question 10

Trans myocardial revascularization

Answer 10

Transmyocardial laser revascularization is a procedure used to treat inoperable heart disease in people with persistent angina

• severe angina patients , CAD patients
• uses a special carbon dioxide (CO2) laser to shoot tiny pinholes or channels through the heart muscle and into the heart’s lower left chamber (left ventricle).

Question 11

left ventricular assist device (heart pump)

Answer 11

• assists in maintaining cardiac output by diverting bl from the lt ventricle into a pump
• as pump fills w bl, it ejects the bl into aorta to enhance bl flow
• able to noramalize bl flow up to moderate work loads