4.1 Infividualistic Averion therapy Flashcards
What are the three main types of criminological theories?
Individualistic, Biological, Sociological
What is the goal of aversion therapy?
To make the individual associate the stimulus with unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations
Fill in the blank: Aversion therapy can be used to treat _______.
Addictions
What is an example of aversion therapy’s application?
Giving a smoker a shock every time they smoke
True or False: Aversion therapy is effective for individuals resistant to learning through punishment.
False
What problematic behaviors can aversion therapy address?
- Bad habits
- Addictions
- Alcoholism
- Smoking
- Gambling
- Violence or anger issues
According to Eysenck’s personality theory, criminals are often characterized as being strongly _______ and _______.
Extravert, Neurotic
What is one challenge in conditioning sex offenders according to Eysenck’s theory?
They are more resistant to learning through punishment
Fill in the blank: The procedure for aversion therapy involves associating deviant thoughts with _______.
Nausea-inducing stimulus
What is the purpose of associating an unpleasant feeling with a behavior during aversion therapy?
To decrease the frequency or stop the unwanted behavior
What type of policies can criminological theories inform?
- Crime control policies
- State punishment policies
What is meant by ‘penal populism’ in the context of policy development?
A policy approach that reflects public opinion on crime and punishment
Fill in the blank: A multi-agency approach in policy development involves _______.
Collaboration among different organizations
What is aversion therapy?
A treatment method aimed at reducing undesirable behaviors by associating them with unpleasant stimuli.
Aversion therapy has been used controversially, particularly in attempts to change sexual orientation.
Why did Peter Price undergo aversion therapy?
Because he was gay.
What did the aversion therapy involve?
Electrodes attached to the penis and administering electric shocks during erections.
How does Roger, the nurse who administered the aversion therapy, describe it?
Cruel, inhumane.
Why did Peter agree to have the ‘treatment’?
For his mother, as she did not accept him.
What is the principle behind how aversion therapy works?
To associate the stimulus with an aversive sensation.
How was aversion therapy used with gay men?
Shown magazines and given electric shocks during arousal.
How long did Peter’s therapy last?
72 hours.
Who had the power to decide if someone received aversion therapy?
A doctor.
Did Roger think the treatment was effective?
No.
Does aversion therapy work to control crime?
Generally successful only under therapist direction; high relapse rates after treatment.
Once individuals are back in the real world, they are likely to revert to previous behaviors.
