4.1 Individualistic Psycho analysis Flashcards
What is the primary focus of psychoanalysis in criminology?
It sees a weak superego as a cause of criminality.
A weak superego indicates a lack of moral focus to control instincts and urges.
What can result from inadequate early socialization of a child?
A weak superego.
This weak superego may lead to increased criminal behavior.
What are the three main types of criminological theories mentioned?
- Individualistic
- Biological
- Sociological
Each theory provides a different perspective on understanding crime.
What are the two types of policy making discussed?
- Informal policy making
- Formal policy making
These approaches influence the development of crime control policies.
What are some examples of crime control policies mentioned?
- Penal populism
- Zero tolerance
- CCTV
- Restorative justice
- Multi-agency approach
These policies can be informed by criminological theories.
Fill in the blank: Psychoanalysis assesses the use of criminological theories in informing _______ development.
[policy]
Policy development is crucial for addressing crime effectively.
True or False: Psychoanalysis suggests that criminality can be linked to the conflict between the id and the superego.
True
This conflict reflects the struggle between instinctual urges and moral constraints.
What is the key term associated with Freud’s theory that relates to criminal behavior?
Psychoanalysis
Freud’s psychoanalysis emphasizes the role of the unconscious in shaping behavior.
What is LO4 focused on in the context of policy change?
Understanding causes of policy change.
This learning outcome is part of the broader curriculum.
What does AC4.1 require learners to do?
Assess the use of criminological theories in informing policy development.
This involves applying knowledge of theories to real-world crime policies.
What is Psychoanalysis based on?
Freud’s theory of personality
It highlights the unconscious conflicts between the id and the superego.
What does a weak superego indicate in an individual?
Lack of moral focus to curb selfish instincts
A weak superego can result from inadequate early socialization.
What is the treatment process in Psychoanalysis?
Bringing unconscious conflicts and repressed emotions to the conscious mind
Treatment is lengthy, often involving hypnosis and free association.
What techniques did Freud use to access the unconscious mind?
Hypnosis and free association
Free association involves responding to a word given by the analyst.
How did Aichhorn apply psychoanalytic ideas to policy?
By treating young offenders in a pleasant environment to develop their superego
He rejected harsh environments for young offenders in the 1920s.
What is the main goal of Psychoanalysis treatment?
To resolve unconscious conflicts and repressed emotions
This is done by making them conscious.
Does Psychoanalysis work to control crime?
No
It is costly and time-consuming, leading to limited large-scale use.
How effective is Psychoanalysis compared to other therapies?
Some studies suggest it works as well as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
However, evaluations for its effectiveness are limited.
What risk is associated with Psychoanalysis regarding definitions of normality?
Analysts can impose definitions that may lead to abuse
Freud regarded homosexuality as abnormal, illustrating this risk.
What did Blackburn claim about Psychoanalysis as treatment for offenders?
There are very few positive evaluations
This indicates skepticism about its effectiveness.
Fill in the blank: Aichhorn discovered that young offenders failed to develop loving relationships because they had _______.
uncaring or absent parents
What does the method of Psychoanalysis highlight?
The unconscious conflicts between the id and the superego
