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LHAP Year 4 > 403 Landscape Design > Flashcards

403 Landscape Design Flashcards

1
Q

The area that draws the eye and brings focus is known as

A

Focal point

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2
Q

Even numbers suggest formality or naturality

A

Formality

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2
Q

What is the purpose of landscape design

A

Unity

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2
Q

When a focal point is clear it is considered formal or informal

A

Formal

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2
Q

Negative space is a focal point that provides what in landscape design

A

Pause and clarity

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3
Q

Is turf an assit and focal point

A

Yes

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4
Q

Can focal points act as point of orientation, create movement and focus attention

A

Yes

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5
Q

“Each ‘block’ appears narrower than the one in front of it, and the use of parallel lines, running long in the axis appears more distant.
Making the focal point at the end a little bit disproportionately small will do the same. “ What is this an example of ?

A

Forced perspective

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6
Q

“main direction of movement, most convenient. People moving in a hurry. Car to front door.” is an example of which line

A

Primary line

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7
Q

“Paths to things that are less important in the landscape. Still functional. Less of a hurry.’ is an example of which line

A

Secondary line

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8
Q

“lead directly to a point and reveal all of the options at once” is this an example of a Static or Dynamic line

A

Static

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9
Q

A line that invites motion but does not have visable end point is an example of Static or Dynamic line

A

Dynamic

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10
Q

Formal landscapes use static or dynamic lines

A

Static

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11
Q

How many shapes can be used at max in a design to prevent chaos

A

3 Max.

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12
Q

The use of shapes in a landscape is an example of which design element

A

Form

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13
Q

What is the point of being outdoors

A

To feel outdoors

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14
Q

Should ceilings be used lavishly in landscapes

A

No, the should be used sparingly

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15
Q

Forms that draw the eye to the horizon, emphasize a large space and tie elements to the ground are called

A

Horizontal/Prostrate forms

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16
Q

Walls, vertical interests and tight columns are examples of what sort of forms

A

Vertical/Ascending forms

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17
Q

Can string lights be used to create a ceiling

A

Yes

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18
Q

What are the primary colours

A

Red, Yellow and Blue

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19
Q

What are the secondary colours

A

Green, Violet, Orange

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20
Q

How are tertiary colours made

A

By mixing primary and secondary colours

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21
Q

What are the neutral colours

A

White, grey, and silver

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22
Q

What are the free colours

A

Green, White and Brown

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23
Q

What is the rule of thumb when using colours

A

Use 3 colours max

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24
Q

Can colour schemes be reset with the season

A

Yes

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25
Q

“Two primary colours with the ones between them on the colour wheel. Creates a visual blending & unity” this is an example of which colour scheme

A

Analogous

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26
Q

The use of Yellow and Violet is an example of which colour scheme

A

Direct Complimentary

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27
Q

The use of yellow, red violet and blue violet is an example of which colour scheme

A

Split Complimentary

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28
Q

The use of Yellow, Blue and Red is an example of which colour scheme

A

Triadic Complimentary

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29
Q

The use of hue and varations of one colour is an example of which colour scheme

A

Monochromatic

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30
Q

Can colour be achieved with structural elements as well

A

Yes

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31
Q

Red, yellows and oranges make large areas seem

A

Smaller

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32
Q

Cool colours make a small area seem

A

Larger

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33
Q

Colours that are good for accent and nightscapes are

A

Silver and Grey

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34
Q

Blocking colours creates a more naturalistic, informal landscape

A

No

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35
Q

Blending colours creates a more naturalistic, informal landscape

A

Yes

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36
Q

Blocking colours creates a more traditonal, formal landscape

A

Yes

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37
Q

Using the same colour and different textures creates Unity

A

Yes

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38
Q

Mixing colours and textures creates Unity

A

No

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39
Q

Course vs ? texture

A

Fine

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40
Q

Smooth vs ? texture

A

Rough

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41
Q

Heavy vs ? texture

A

Light

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42
Q

Dense vs ? texture

A

Airy

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43
Q

Flowers and water add what elements to a landscape

A

Sound and Fragrance

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44
Q

Ensuring all items are proportionately arranged is an example of which principal

A

Scale

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45
Q

The two thirds rule and the Fibonacci sequence is used with which principal

A

Scale

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46
Q

The use of striking opposites in order to gain attention is an example of which principal

A

Contrast

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47
Q

The distribution of elements evenly or massed throughout a landscape is an example of which principal

A

Balance

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48
Q

Carrying items from front to back in a landscape is uses which design principal

A

Repetition and Rhythm

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49
Q

In a meditation garden what is the viewer ment to focus on

A

The negative space

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50
Q

Who has fiduciary obligation to a school board, the architect hired by the school board or the contractor hired by the architect or both

A

The architect

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51
Q

Which landscape is commonly characterized by the use of rectilinear lines. Monochromatic colour schemes. Black mulch. More hardscaping than softscape materials. Low maintenance.

A

Modern gardens

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52
Q

This plane can aid in the formation of lines. It is useful in creating a sense of space, conjuring emotion, or manipulating movement; but must be used artfully so that it doesn’t chunk up the landscape

A

Vertical/Ascending

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53
Q

English cottage landscapes are characterized by

A

Dynamic lines and bold use of colour in the perennial flowers and shrubs

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54
Q

The principal of design that is used to create a sense of motion and unity in a landscape is

A

Repetition

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55
Q

Which design style is characterized by : most items gave specific functions. The use of edible/medicinal herbs. Space for prayer. Materials sourced locally.

A

Medieval garden

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56
Q

What are the 3 levels of Government

A

Federal, Provincial, Municipal.

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57
Q

Who’s responsibility is the displace and procurement of permits legally but who often does the procurement

A

The Homeowner. The Contractor

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58
Q

What is Velum paper for

A

Hand drafting master plan

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59
Q

What is trace paper for

A

Overlays/concept planning

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60
Q

What is Bond ( white paper ) for

A

CAD Master Plan

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61
Q

Invisible, buried, and overhead lines are delineated with which line

A

Dashed lines.

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62
Q

Solid lines delineate what on a design

A

Tangible lines

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63
Q

Double lines delineates what on a design

A

Low elevation change

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64
Q

Using a straight edge, drawing once, no ticks, and careful joints are all

A

Line rules

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65
Q

What is the goal of drafting

A

Clarity

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66
Q

What is line weight

A

The thickness of the line

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67
Q

A top-down view of design plan is known as

A

Birds eye view or plan view

68
Q

Lightest weight line are used for plants above 2.4m

A

No, they are used for plants below 1m

69
Q

The darkest line weights are used for plants above 2.4m in height

A

Yes

70
Q

Mid weight lines are uses for plants between 1-2.4m

A

Yes

71
Q

What is elevation view used for

A

Side drawings, providing views of fances or privacy screens

72
Q

Section views are used to show what?

A

Construction view

73
Q

Isometric views show you what

A

3D views

74
Q

Softer edged plant symbols represent

A

Deciduous broadleaf

75
Q

Sharp edges/pokey plant symbols represent what

A

Evergreen, needled.

76
Q

In a design, perfect circles would represent something natural or unnatural

A

Unnatural

77
Q

What is the purpose of the center dot in a plant

A

It indicates actual planting location

78
Q

Do stepping stones need center points

A

No

79
Q

For concept plans do you need to use architectural lettering

A

No

80
Q

Uniformity of shape, consistent height, straight lines, ALL BLOCK format, margins and spacing are the rules for what

A

Architectural lettering

81
Q

Consistent angles, Cannot cross each other, Plants - can connect with the center, Items - can connect with the edge. These are the rules for what ?

A

Leader lines.

82
Q

Can there be any labels on the residence other then Residence on a design

A

No

83
Q

TYP is an abbreviation for when labeling

A

Typical

84
Q

Adding a little more detail to the bottom right of the symbol is known as

A

Shading

85
Q

Can shading obscure other symbols or labels

A

No

86
Q

Darkening the outline of the outside of a symbol is known as

A

Shadowing

87
Q

Should stepping stones be shadowed on a drawing

A

No

88
Q

Do you shadow only medium and dark line weights?

A

Yes

89
Q

Why do you only shadow the bottom right of a symbol

A

Because on the drawing, the sun is assumed to be on the top left

90
Q

The aim of colour rending is what

A

To add interest and clarity

91
Q

Having a plan, draw repetitive items serially for maximum consistency, starting at ground level and moving up, and don’t be afraid to use a ruler are all tips for

A

Colour rendering

92
Q

How many colours should be used for colour rendering

A
  1. 2 colours and white
93
Q

Must line weights be maintained when colouring

A

Yes

94
Q

What does CAD stand for

A

Computer Aided Design

95
Q

Drawing Accuracy, reproductions are quick and to-scale, reproductions are identical to original, easy storage and simple to 3D model are all advantages of

A

CAD

96
Q

Software incompatibility, computers do not compensate for Human Error, computers do not make design decisions are all drawbacks of

A

CAD

97
Q

the ‘hand’ icon that allows you to grab the design and move it around. This describes

A

Pan

98
Q

In 3D views, you can spin items. This describes

A

Orbit

99
Q

Usually allows you to view the entire page. This describes

A

Zoom extents

100
Q

Title blocks are always found where

A

The bottom or right hand side

101
Q

Project information, Customer name, address, company information, Sheet specific information are found where

A

The Title block.

102
Q

Where are notes and plant lists found

A

In the spec book

103
Q

What is something that people often forget in relation to lawns

A

Lawn edging

104
Q

Does the title block need to be in proportion to the drawing

A

Yes

105
Q

Constructed by creating a shallow trench through the landscape and gently contouring sides. This describes a

A

Swale

106
Q

Weeping tile is an example of what sort of drainage system

A

Subsurface Drainage System

107
Q

Also sometimes called a “catch basin” or Dry Well - water goes in, sits and percolates into the sub grade.
Usually it is a hole with washed rock, as shown. It can be a sort of perforated tank as well (usually with an inspection port and overflow release on top). This describes a

A

Infiltration Gallery

108
Q

The proper name for Weeping Tile is

A

Rolled Corrugated Plastic Pipe.

109
Q

What is the minimum slope for drainage

A

2%

110
Q

Can PVC used for drainage be installed at a slighter angle than 2%, say 1%

A

Yes

111
Q

Pop up emitters must be installed ABOVE or BELOW the inlet of water to ensure sufficient drop and subsequent drainage of pipes?

A

Below

112
Q

French Drain (gravel, no pipe)
Drainage Trench (PVC or Big O). These are examples of what kind of drainage

A

Subsurface

113
Q

Swales (where do they go?)
Rain Barrels
Free flow
Channel Drain (attaches to underground in landscape applications)
These are example of what kind of drainage

A

Surface

114
Q

What is the max allowable voltage drop

A

1.5V

115
Q

What is the practical voltage drop

A

1.3V

116
Q

Voltage drop =

A

(wattage x run)/constant

117
Q

Is 18g wire bigger or smaller than 12g wire

A

Smaller

118
Q

Do written specs. always take precedence over the drawing.

A

Yes

119
Q

The purpose of a spec. book is to add?

A

Clarity

120
Q

“Essential technical requirements for items, materials, services, and procedures which are used to determine whether the work requirement has been met.” this describes

A

Specifications

121
Q

Required on sites with many removals.
May have multiple overlays for trees vs existing structures.
Emphasizes any existing material to be removed. This describes a ? plan

A

Demolition plan

122
Q

Reduction of visual clutter on large scale or very detailed plans. Allows a clear view of where specific components are placed. This describes a ? plan

A

Layout plan (functional plan, Plot plan, staking plan)

123
Q

Provides measurements onsite. This describes a ? plan

A

Dimension plan

124
Q

Show the vertical location of all proposed improvements.
A key component is the benchmark
Elevations are created using slope calculations from the Benchmark
Heights are given above and below ground
Drainage is specified.
This describes a ? plan

A

Grading plan

125
Q

Grading plans include what other plans

A

Drainage plans

126
Q

The Key Stakeholders in the design process are always:

A

Client and Designer

127
Q

A person who has a Fiduciary duty:

A

Is obligated to protect the financial interests or assets of another

128
Q

Selecting trees that are appropriately zoned for an area, and that you know will succeed in the specific application you’ve put them in (such as putting a birch only in a zone 2 planting with organic soil and plenty of water) is an example of

A

Making a plan functional

129
Q

Following up on a creative design idea like a tiered deck to make sure that it complies with local bylaws is an example of:

A

Making a plan practicable

130
Q

Making suggestions to the customer to make sure their creative ideas still comply with the principles and elements of design is an example of:

A

Making a plan aesthetically pleasing

131
Q

Checking your list of opportunities and constraints prior to your concept presentation to ensure you did “check all the boxes” is an example of:

A

Making a plan functional

132
Q

Parterre style landscapes describe:

A

French style gardens with labyrinths made out of close cropped hedges

133
Q

Strong sense of symbolism in focal points chosen.
Tension between the manmade and the natural.
Predominant use of the colour red. This describes what style of landscape?

A

Oriental Garden

134
Q

When designing access through the property during the concept planning phase, what are the key considerations that dictate your pathways?

A

The most direct line from origin to destination, and sizing to suggest priority.

135
Q

The purpose of a Design Proposal is

A

To state design objectives

136
Q

Development of a bar scale is necessary in order to:

A

Provide a relative measure when scale is skewed by photocopying.

137
Q

How the shapes of our plant material compliment our linear layout
The “walls” that we’ll use to create a sense of enclosure
The “flooring” materials and grade changes we use to create a sense of space
The way we “bring down the roof” with string lights at night time
These are things we consider when we look at ? as a design element?

A

Form

138
Q

Which of these items MUST be present on every Master Plan, but it can be in the title block OR the main drawing section of the sheet?

A

North Arrow

139
Q

In which of the principles of design do we consider the Fibonacci sequence of numbers and the Golden Mean in order to create natural looking spaces?

A

Scale

140
Q

What factor determines the paper size and scale of a drawing?

A

Project scope: the biggest image is the ideal

141
Q

Why is 3D modelling becoming so popular in the design industry?

A

It allows for real time viewing, which helps customers visualize

142
Q

Which filetype is comprised of pixels, making it potentially limited in function?

A

Raster

143
Q

The main difference between a Construction Detail and a section view on another drawing is:

A

The Construction Detail includes measurements and materials.

144
Q

While interpreting a Construction Detail, I notice “NTS” written by the title. It is correct for me to:

A

Use only the written dimensions on the plan.

145
Q

Construction Documents differ from the Master Plan in that the lineweights are almost exclusively assigned by:

A

Priority

146
Q

The purpose of a functional diagram is to:

A

Identify spatial layout of the site

147
Q

After you’ve presented your three concepts to a customer and they’ve given you their feedback, the next step is to create a(n):

A

Preliminary Master Plan

148
Q

Which type of Technical Drawing has the primary function of showing vertical relationships on a Landscape Site?

A

The Grading Plan

149
Q

Why is it advisable to create three concept plans when working through the design process?

A

It suggests three different stylistic or aesthetic approaches to the same functional criteria

150
Q

Angle and height of mount
Symbols marking where the individual fixtures are located
General notes that include information regarding conduit, switches, & connectors.
These are all things that should be included on a ? plan

A

Lighting plan

151
Q

How do Planting Plan symbols change from Master Plan to Planting Plan?

A

Complexity may be reduced

152
Q

The Ames Lettering Guide is a tool used for

A

Create custom line for different sizes of lettering

153
Q

When drafting manually, lines should be drawn

A

Confidently, with crisp joints and a steady speed.

154
Q

The Property Line is represented with a bold dashed line because

A

It is vitally important to the design but is not an actual tangible item in the landscape

155
Q

The center dot or X in a plant symbol represents

A

The exact placement of the tree trunk or plant rootball

156
Q

B leads contain more graphite and are

A

Softer leads and create darker lines

157
Q

In the metric scale 1:100, 1cm on the ruler =

A

100cm in the field

158
Q

Is a .dpd a vector file

A

Yes

159
Q

What tool would be most effective for helping someone who cannot visualize what you’re describing

A

A 3D model walkthrough

160
Q

Image files that can be somewhat limited in function depending on size and filetype are known as

A

Raster Image

161
Q

Often not widely supported, usually need to know the program it was generated in describes the downside of what files

A

Vector files

162
Q

What is a file extension

A

3-4 letters that indicated the format of a file

163
Q

The type of viewing afforded by 3D modeling software is called

A

Real time viewing

164
Q

H lead contains more clay and are

A

Harder leads, creating lighter lines

165
Q

One of the benefits of layers includes

A

The ability to turn groupings of information on and off for visual clarity

166
Q

Lowercase lettering is acceptable on which drawing

A

Concepts and rough drafts

167
Q

Square pixel based, dot matrix images files describes

A

Raster images

168
Q

The paper most often used for hand drawing the final master plan is

A

Vellum

169
Q

Lower capital cost, lower company overhead and artistic expression are advantages of

A

Hand drafting

170
Q

Can the Architectural Lettering System include lower case lettering

A

No

LHAP Year 4 (10 decks)

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