403 Landscape Design Flashcards
1
Q
The area that draws the eye and brings focus is known as
A
Focal point
2
Q
Even numbers suggest formality or naturality
A
Formality
2
Q
What is the purpose of landscape design
A
Unity
2
Q
When a focal point is clear it is considered formal or informal
A
Formal
2
Q
Negative space is a focal point that provides what in landscape design
A
Pause and clarity
3
Q
Is turf an assit and focal point
A
Yes
4
Q
Can focal points act as point of orientation, create movement and focus attention
A
Yes
5
Q
“Each ‘block’ appears narrower than the one in front of it, and the use of parallel lines, running long in the axis appears more distant.
Making the focal point at the end a little bit disproportionately small will do the same. “ What is this an example of ?
A
Forced perspective
6
Q
“main direction of movement, most convenient. People moving in a hurry. Car to front door.” is an example of which line
A
Primary line
7
Q
“Paths to things that are less important in the landscape. Still functional. Less of a hurry.’ is an example of which line
A
Secondary line
8
Q
“lead directly to a point and reveal all of the options at once” is this an example of a Static or Dynamic line
A
Static
9
Q
A line that invites motion but does not have visable end point is an example of Static or Dynamic line
A
Dynamic
10
Q
Formal landscapes use static or dynamic lines
A
Static
11
Q
How many shapes can be used at max in a design to prevent chaos
A
3 Max.
12
Q
The use of shapes in a landscape is an example of which design element
A
Form
13
Q
What is the point of being outdoors
A
To feel outdoors
14
Q
Should ceilings be used lavishly in landscapes
A
No, the should be used sparingly
15
Q
Forms that draw the eye to the horizon, emphasize a large space and tie elements to the ground are called
A
Horizontal/Prostrate forms
16
Q
Walls, vertical interests and tight columns are examples of what sort of forms
A
Vertical/Ascending forms
17
Q
Can string lights be used to create a ceiling
A
Yes
18
Q
What are the primary colours
A
Red, Yellow and Blue
19
Q
What are the secondary colours
A
Green, Violet, Orange
20
Q
How are tertiary colours made
A
By mixing primary and secondary colours
21
Q
What are the neutral colours
A
White, grey, and silver
22
What are the free colours
Green, White and Brown
23
What is the rule of thumb when using colours
Use 3 colours max
24
Can colour schemes be reset with the season
Yes
25
"Two primary colours with the ones between them on the colour wheel. Creates a visual blending & unity" this is an example of which colour scheme
Analogous
26
The use of Yellow and Violet is an example of which colour scheme
Direct Complimentary
27
The use of yellow, red violet and blue violet is an example of which colour scheme
Split Complimentary
28
The use of Yellow, Blue and Red is an example of which colour scheme
Triadic Complimentary
29
The use of hue and varations of one colour is an example of which colour scheme
Monochromatic
30
Can colour be achieved with structural elements as well
Yes
31
Red, yellows and oranges make large areas seem
Smaller
32
Cool colours make a small area seem
Larger
33
Colours that are good for accent and nightscapes are
Silver and Grey
34
Blocking colours creates a more naturalistic, informal landscape
No
35
Blending colours creates a more naturalistic, informal landscape
Yes
36
Blocking colours creates a more traditonal, formal landscape
Yes
37
Using the same colour and different textures creates Unity
Yes
38
Mixing colours and textures creates Unity
No
39
Course vs ? texture
Fine
40
Smooth vs ? texture
Rough
41
Heavy vs ? texture
Light
42
Dense vs ? texture
Airy
43
Flowers and water add what elements to a landscape
Sound and Fragrance
44
Ensuring all items are proportionately arranged is an example of which principal
Scale
45
The two thirds rule and the Fibonacci sequence is used with which principal
Scale
46
The use of striking opposites in order to gain attention is an example of which principal
Contrast
47
The distribution of elements evenly or massed throughout a landscape is an example of which principal
Balance
48
Carrying items from front to back in a landscape is uses which design principal
Repetition and Rhythm
49
In a meditation garden what is the viewer ment to focus on
The negative space
50
Who has fiduciary obligation to a school board, the architect hired by the school board or the contractor hired by the architect or both
The architect
51
Which landscape is commonly characterized by the use of rectilinear lines. Monochromatic colour schemes. Black mulch. More hardscaping than softscape materials. Low maintenance.
Modern gardens
52
This plane can aid in the formation of lines. It is useful in creating a sense of space, conjuring emotion, or manipulating movement; but must be used artfully so that it doesn't chunk up the landscape
Vertical/Ascending
53
English cottage landscapes are characterized by
Dynamic lines and bold use of colour in the perennial flowers and shrubs
54
The principal of design that is used to create a sense of motion and unity in a landscape is
Repetition
55
Which design style is characterized by : most items gave specific functions. The use of edible/medicinal herbs. Space for prayer. Materials sourced locally.
Medieval garden
56
What are the 3 levels of Government
Federal, Provincial, Municipal.
57
Who's responsibility is the displace and procurement of permits legally but who often does the procurement
The Homeowner. The Contractor
58
What is Velum paper for
Hand drafting master plan
59
What is trace paper for
Overlays/concept planning
60
What is Bond ( white paper ) for
CAD Master Plan
61
Invisible, buried, and overhead lines are delineated with which line
Dashed lines.
62
Solid lines delineate what on a design
Tangible lines
63
Double lines delineates what on a design
Low elevation change
64
Using a straight edge, drawing once, no ticks, and careful joints are all
Line rules
65
What is the goal of drafting
Clarity
66
What is line weight
The thickness of the line
67
A top-down view of design plan is known as
Birds eye view or plan view
68
Lightest weight line are used for plants above 2.4m
No, they are used for plants below 1m
69
The darkest line weights are used for plants above 2.4m in height
Yes
70
Mid weight lines are uses for plants between 1-2.4m
Yes
71
What is elevation view used for
Side drawings, providing views of fances or privacy screens
72
Section views are used to show what?
Construction view
73
Isometric views show you what
3D views
74
Softer edged plant symbols represent
Deciduous broadleaf
75
Sharp edges/pokey plant symbols represent what
Evergreen, needled.
76
In a design, perfect circles would represent something natural or unnatural
Unnatural
77
What is the purpose of the center dot in a plant
It indicates actual planting location
78
Do stepping stones need center points
No
79
For concept plans do you need to use architectural lettering
No
80
Uniformity of shape, consistent height, straight lines, ALL BLOCK format, margins and spacing are the rules for what
Architectural lettering
81
Consistent angles, Cannot cross each other, Plants - can connect with the center, Items - can connect with the edge. These are the rules for what ?
Leader lines.
82
Can there be any labels on the residence other then Residence on a design
No
83
TYP is an abbreviation for when labeling
Typical
84
Adding a little more detail to the bottom right of the symbol is known as
Shading
85
Can shading obscure other symbols or labels
No
86
Darkening the outline of the outside of a symbol is known as
Shadowing
87
Should stepping stones be shadowed on a drawing
No
88
Do you shadow only medium and dark line weights?
Yes
89
Why do you only shadow the bottom right of a symbol
Because on the drawing, the sun is assumed to be on the top left
90
The aim of colour rending is what
To add interest and clarity
91
Having a plan, draw repetitive items serially for maximum consistency, starting at ground level and moving up, and don't be afraid to use a ruler are all tips for
Colour rendering
92
How many colours should be used for colour rendering
3. 2 colours and white
93
Must line weights be maintained when colouring
Yes
94
What does CAD stand for
Computer Aided Design
95
Drawing Accuracy, reproductions are quick and to-scale, reproductions are identical to original, easy storage and simple to 3D model are all advantages of
CAD
96
Software incompatibility, computers do not compensate for Human Error, computers do not make design decisions are all drawbacks of
CAD
97
the ‘hand’ icon that allows you to grab the design and move it around. This describes
Pan
98
In 3D views, you can spin items. This describes
Orbit
99
Usually allows you to view the entire page. This describes
Zoom extents
100
Title blocks are always found where
The bottom or right hand side
101
Project information, Customer name, address, company information, Sheet specific information are found where
The Title block.
102
Where are notes and plant lists found
In the spec book
103
What is something that people often forget in relation to lawns
Lawn edging
104
Does the title block need to be in proportion to the drawing
Yes
105
Constructed by creating a shallow trench through the landscape and gently contouring sides. This describes a
Swale
106
Weeping tile is an example of what sort of drainage system
Subsurface Drainage System
107
Also sometimes called a “catch basin” or Dry Well - water goes in, sits and percolates into the sub grade.
Usually it is a hole with washed rock, as shown. It can be a sort of perforated tank as well (usually with an inspection port and overflow release on top). This describes a
Infiltration Gallery
108
The proper name for Weeping Tile is
Rolled Corrugated Plastic Pipe.
109
What is the minimum slope for drainage
2%
110
Can PVC used for drainage be installed at a slighter angle than 2%, say 1%
Yes
111
Pop up emitters must be installed ABOVE or BELOW the inlet of water to ensure sufficient drop and subsequent drainage of pipes?
Below
112
French Drain (gravel, no pipe)
Drainage Trench (PVC or Big O). These are examples of what kind of drainage
Subsurface
113
Swales (where do they go?)
Rain Barrels
Free flow
Channel Drain (attaches to underground in landscape applications)
These are example of what kind of drainage
Surface
114
What is the max allowable voltage drop
1.5V
115
What is the practical voltage drop
1.3V
116
Voltage drop =
(wattage x run)/constant
117
Is 18g wire bigger or smaller than 12g wire
Smaller
118
Do written specs. always take precedence over the drawing.
Yes
119
The purpose of a spec. book is to add?
Clarity
120
“Essential technical requirements for items, materials, services, and procedures which are used to determine whether the work requirement has been met.” this describes
Specifications
121
Required on sites with many removals.
May have multiple overlays for trees vs existing structures.
Emphasizes any existing material to be removed. This describes a ? plan
Demolition plan
122
Reduction of visual clutter on large scale or very detailed plans. Allows a clear view of where specific components are placed. This describes a ? plan
Layout plan (functional plan, Plot plan, staking plan)
123
Provides measurements onsite. This describes a ? plan
Dimension plan
124
Show the vertical location of all proposed improvements.
A key component is the benchmark
Elevations are created using slope calculations from the Benchmark
Heights are given above and below ground
Drainage is specified.
This describes a ? plan
Grading plan
125
Grading plans include what other plans
Drainage plans
126
The Key Stakeholders in the design process are always:
Client and Designer
127
A person who has a Fiduciary duty:
Is obligated to protect the financial interests or assets of another
128
Selecting trees that are appropriately zoned for an area, and that you know will succeed in the specific application you've put them in (such as putting a birch only in a zone 2 planting with organic soil and plenty of water) is an example of
Making a plan functional
129
Following up on a creative design idea like a tiered deck to make sure that it complies with local bylaws is an example of:
Making a plan practicable
130
Making suggestions to the customer to make sure their creative ideas still comply with the principles and elements of design is an example of:
Making a plan aesthetically pleasing
131
Checking your list of opportunities and constraints prior to your concept presentation to ensure you did "check all the boxes" is an example of:
Making a plan functional
132
Parterre style landscapes describe:
French style gardens with labyrinths made out of close cropped hedges
133
Strong sense of symbolism in focal points chosen.
Tension between the manmade and the natural.
Predominant use of the colour red. This describes what style of landscape?
Oriental Garden
134
When designing access through the property during the concept planning phase, what are the key considerations that dictate your pathways?
The most direct line from origin to destination, and sizing to suggest priority.
135
The purpose of a Design Proposal is
To state design objectives
136
Development of a bar scale is necessary in order to:
Provide a relative measure when scale is skewed by photocopying.
137
How the shapes of our plant material compliment our linear layout
The "walls" that we'll use to create a sense of enclosure
The "flooring" materials and grade changes we use to create a sense of space
The way we "bring down the roof" with string lights at night time
These are things we consider when we look at ? as a design element?
Form
138
Which of these items MUST be present on every Master Plan, but it can be in the title block OR the main drawing section of the sheet?
North Arrow
139
In which of the principles of design do we consider the Fibonacci sequence of numbers and the Golden Mean in order to create natural looking spaces?
Scale
140
What factor determines the paper size and scale of a drawing?
Project scope: the biggest image is the ideal
141
Why is 3D modelling becoming so popular in the design industry?
It allows for real time viewing, which helps customers visualize
142
Which filetype is comprised of pixels, making it potentially limited in function?
Raster
143
The main difference between a Construction Detail and a section view on another drawing is:
The Construction Detail includes measurements and materials.
144
While interpreting a Construction Detail, I notice "NTS" written by the title. It is correct for me to:
Use only the written dimensions on the plan.
145
Construction Documents differ from the Master Plan in that the lineweights are almost exclusively assigned by:
Priority
146
The purpose of a functional diagram is to:
Identify spatial layout of the site
147
After you've presented your three concepts to a customer and they've given you their feedback, the next step is to create a(n):
Preliminary Master Plan
148
Which type of Technical Drawing has the primary function of showing vertical relationships on a Landscape Site?
The Grading Plan
149
Why is it advisable to create three concept plans when working through the design process?
It suggests three different stylistic or aesthetic approaches to the same functional criteria
150
Angle and height of mount
Symbols marking where the individual fixtures are located
General notes that include information regarding conduit, switches, & connectors.
These are all things that should be included on a ? plan
Lighting plan
151
How do Planting Plan symbols change from Master Plan to Planting Plan?
Complexity may be reduced
152
The Ames Lettering Guide is a tool used for
Create custom line for different sizes of lettering
153
When drafting manually, lines should be drawn
Confidently, with crisp joints and a steady speed.
154
The Property Line is represented with a bold dashed line because
It is vitally important to the design but is not an actual tangible item in the landscape
155
The center dot or X in a plant symbol represents
The exact placement of the tree trunk or plant rootball
156
B leads contain more graphite and are
Softer leads and create darker lines
157
In the metric scale 1:100, 1cm on the ruler =
100cm in the field
158
Is a .dpd a vector file
Yes
159
What tool would be most effective for helping someone who cannot visualize what you're describing
A 3D model walkthrough
160
Image files that can be somewhat limited in function depending on size and filetype are known as
Raster Image
161
Often not widely supported, usually need to know the program it was generated in describes the downside of what files
Vector files
162
What is a file extension
3-4 letters that indicated the format of a file
163
The type of viewing afforded by 3D modeling software is called
Real time viewing
164
H lead contains more clay and are
Harder leads, creating lighter lines
165
One of the benefits of layers includes
The ability to turn groupings of information on and off for visual clarity
166
Lowercase lettering is acceptable on which drawing
Concepts and rough drafts
167
Square pixel based, dot matrix images files describes
Raster images
168
The paper most often used for hand drawing the final master plan is
Vellum
169
Lower capital cost, lower company overhead and artistic expression are advantages of
Hand drafting
170
Can the Architectural Lettering System include lower case lettering
No
