4. The Hand Flashcards
Recall the key fascious landmarks in the hand
Medially: hypothenar fascia
Centrally: PL tendon, palmar aponeurosis
Laterally: Thenar fascia
Which tendons run through each digit, and by what are they secured to the bone?
FDS and FDP tendons
Skin (Grayson) ligament
What vessels run within each digit?
Proper palmar artery and vein
Recall the 2 main spaces of the hand
Thenar and mid-palmar
Name the 4 compartments of the hand
Hypothenar
Central
Thenar
Adductor
Recall the 2 main septa of the hand, and their beginning and endpoints
- Medial fibrous septum: Palmar aponeurosis to 5th metacarpal
- Lateral fibrous septum: Palmar aponeurosis to 3rd metacarpal
Recall the thenar muscles
Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor polllicis brevis
Opponens policis
Recall the hypothenar muscles
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
Recall the adductor muscle
Adductor pollicis
What muscles are found between the digits, and how many are there of each of these?
Lumbricals (4) Dorsal interossei (4) Palmar interossei (3)
Recall the function of the lumbricals and palmar and dorsal interossei
Lumbricals: flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints
Palmar interossei: adduction
Dorsal interossei: abduction
Recall the proximal and distal attachments of the lumbricals
Proximal: long tendons
Distal: extensor expansion
Recall the muscles involved in abduction of the thumb
abductor pollicis longus + brevis
Recall the muscles involved in adduction of the thumb
1st DORSAL INTEROSSEOUS
adductor pollicis
Recall the muscles involved in extension of the thumb
ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS
Extensor pollicis longus + brevis
Recall the muscles involved in flexion of the thumb
Flexor pollicis longus + brevis
Recall the muscle involved in opposition of the thumb
Opponens pollicis
Where does the ulnar artery enter the wrist?
Beside FCU
What arteries does the ulnar artery give rise to in the hand?
Palmar digital arteries
Deep palmar branch
Princeps pollicis
Radialis indicis
Describe the location of the radial artery at the wrist
Beneath brachioradialis, beside FCR
What arteries does the radial artery give rise to in the hand?
Palmar metacarpals
Recall the innervations of the medial nerve in the hand
MOTOR: Thenar muscles 1st and 2nd lumbricals SENSORY: Palmar surface of thumb IF, MF and 1/2 of RF
Describe the location of the medial nerve at the wrist
Between FDS and FDP
Deep to PL
Enters via carpal tunnel
Describe the location of the ulnar nerve at the wrist
By FCU, runs superior to flexor reticulum, lateral to pisiform
Recall the innervations of the ulnar nerve in the hand
MOTOR: Hypothenar muscles Adductor pollicis 2nd and 4th lumbricals All interossei SENSORY: palmar surfaces of LF and other half of RF
Recall the innervations of the radial nerve in the hand
NO MOTOR INNERVATION
SENSORY:
dorsal aspect of hand
Name the ligaents surrounding the digital fibrous sheaths
Annular and cruciate
What is contained within the common tendinous sheath in each digit?
FDS and FDP tendon
Recall the paths of the FDS and FDP tendons
Enter carpal tunnel beneath FR
Common synovial sheath
Digital synovial sheath
What fascia secures tendons on the dorsal aspect of the hand?
Extensor reticulum
Recall the functions of the carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal joints
Flex and extend
Radial and ulnar deviation
Circumduction
Recall the functions of the metocarpophalyngeal and interphalyngeal joints
Only flex and extend
Recall the bony attachments of the carpal tunnel
Scaphoid
Hamate
Trapezium
Pisiform
Recall the contents of the carpal tunnel
Median nerve
FPL tendon
4 tendons of FDP
4 tendons of FDS
Recall the 3 modes of grip
Power, precision and hook
Recall the muscles involved in maintaining a power grip
Long flexors
Intrinsic muscles of hand
Extensors of wrist joint
Recall the muscles involved in maintaining a precision grip
Long flexors AND extensors
Intrinsic hand muscles
Recall the muscles involved in maintaining a hook grip
Long flexors
