#4 Take Home Exam Flashcards
Attachment protein in plasma membrane
stabilizes the plasma membrane with cytoskeleton fibers
Receptor protein in plasma membrane
have active sites that bind with specific messenger molecules outside the cell that can then regulate processes within the cell
Recognition protein in plasma membrane
these proteins make it possible for the body’s immune system to distinguish between cells that belong to the body and foreign invader cells that do not belong
Transport protein in plasma membrane
they allow large and/or charged molecule to move across the plasma membrane
Junction protein in plasma membrane
they form various types of junctions between animal cells
Fluid mosaic model
Mosaic because membrane made of different types of molecules
Fluid because membrane is flexible and molecules can move around
Diffusion
molecules moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
Osmosis
diffusion of water molecules down a concentration gradient across membrane
Endocytosis
the process of bringing bulky items into the cell and forma vacuole
Exocytosis
the process of moving bulky molecules out of the cell
Vacuole fuses with cell membrane and releases contents to outside
simple diffusion
simple diffusion is where molecules move across the plasma membrane WITHOUT the assistance of another molecule
facilitated diffusion
facilitated diffusion is where molecules move across the plasma membrane WITH the help of another molecule
facilitated transport
facilitated transport is a specific kind of facilitated diffusion that requires a special carrier protein
Provide two examples of molecules that rely on simple diffusion to move across a plasma membrane
Molecules of O2 and CO2
What kind of special proteins are required for facilitated transport
a carrier protein
Provide two examples of molecules that rely on facilitated diffusion to move across a plasma membrane.
C1- and amino acids
Provide two examples of molecules that rely on facilitated transport to move across a plasma membrane
glucose and sodium ions
What happens to a cell if you stick it in a hypertonic solution
Water would end up diffusing out the cell so it would therefore shrink
What happens to a cell if you stick it in a hypotonic solution?
water diffuses into the cell so therefore the cell would swell up
What happens to a cell if you stick it in a isotonic solution?
The cell would stay the same
What can active transport accomplish that passive transport cannot
Active transport moves molecules and moves molecules up or against their concentration gradient
Provide two examples of a molecule that moves across the plasma membrane via active transport
Na+/K+ (sodium-potassium) Pump
the stomach cells pumping H+ ions into the stomach
Briefly describe the following type of endocytosis: phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is when the cell brings in food forming a food vacuole
Briefly describe the following type of endocytosis: pinocytosis
Pinocytosis is when the cell brings in fluid forming a vesicle
Briefly describe the following type of endocytosis: receptor mediated endocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis brings very specific a molecules into the cell bound to receptor proteins embedded in the cell membrane
What is the extracellular matrix (ECM)
The extracellular matrix hold cells together in tissues and protects and supports the plasma membrane
What is the ECM composed of?
it consists of glycoproteins
