#1 Take Home Exam

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

The study of life

Question 2

Cell

Answer 2

Basic and smallest unit of life

Question 3

Prokaryote

Answer 3

a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound

nucleus

Question 4

Eukaryote

Answer 4

organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes
Eukaryote

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

An educated guess based on personal knowledge, knowledge of theories, research

Question 6

Theory

Answer 6

A tested, well-sustained, unifying explanation for a given phenomenon

Question 7

Independent variable

Answer 7

The variable that the scientist manipulates or changes to observe
the effect of that change

Question 8

Dependent variable

Answer 8

The variable that depends on and will be affected by the conscious manipulation of the independent variable

Question 9

Controlled variable

Answer 9

Any of the experimental elements which is constant and unchanged across all treatments in the experiment

Question 10

Peer-reviewed Journal

Answer 10

journals which are reviewed by several other experts in the field before the article is published

Question 11

All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. List the five features that are shared by
all cells (both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells)

Answer 11

Plasma membrane
DNA
Ribosomes
Cytoskeletons
Cytoplasm

Question 12

Plasma membrane

Answer 12

regulates the entrance and exit of molecules from cell

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

the carrier of genetic information in a cell

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

synthesizes protein in a cell

Question 15

Cytoskeletons

Answer 15

the internal framework of a cell

Question 16

Cytoplasm

Answer 16

responsible for giving a cell its shape and contains the organelies

Question 17

6 properties shared by all living organisms:

Answer 17

1. Order
2. Response to the environment
3. Reproduction and development
4. Evolutionary adaptation
5. Regulation and homeostasis
6. Energy processing

Question 18

Order

Answer 18

All living things are highly organized

Question 19

Response to the environment

Answer 19

All living things are capable of responding to stimuli

Question 20

Reproduction and development

Answer 20

All living things produce offspring through cellular

division, the cells grow and develop into individuals capable of reproduction

Question 21

Evolutionary adaptation

Answer 21

All living things are the product of adaptation through

evolution that has made them suitable for their environment

Question 22

Regulation an homeostasis

Answer 22

All living things maintain an internal environment necessary for life

Question 23

Energy processing

Answer 23

All living things take in energy and utilize that energy to drive biological processes

Question 24

List the six steps (or rules) of the scientific method

Answer 24

1. Ask a question about what you observed
2. do background research
3. construct a hypothesis
4. test your hypothesis by conducing an experiment
5. analyze the data and draw a conclusion
6. Share your results and put your knowledge to use

Question 25

Describe the anatomy of an atom. Include in your answer the name, charge and location of each of the three subunits of a typical atom.

Answer 25

The anatomy of a cell contains a very small dense nucleus containing positively charged protons and neutral charged neutrons. The nucleus is surrounded by as many negatively charged electrons as there are protons in the nucleus.

Question 26

The number of one of those three atomic subunits defines which type of atom it is. In other words how do we know which chemical element a particular atom is?

Answer 26

By the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 27

What must be true of the number of protons and electrons in a run-of-the-mill atom with a neutral charge.

Answer 27

They are the same number

Question 28

What is the octet rule in chemistry?

Answer 28

The tendency of atoms or groups of atoms that are bonded together to peer eight elections filling the outermost S and P orbital shells (also called valence shells)