4. Project Scope Management Flashcards
1
Q
What is the primary source of information for how a project will be executed, monitored, and closed?
A
The project management plan
2
Q
What is the purpose of the scope management plan?
A
To define, control, and validate the project and product scope
3
Q
What does the project scope management aim to ensure?
A
That the required work (and only the required work) is performed to complete the project successfully
4
Q
What is meant by ‘project scope’ according to PMBOK?
A
The work required to deliver the product
5
Q
What are the components of the scope baseline?
A
- Scope statement
- Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
- WBS dictionary
6
Q
What process is performed to develop the scope management plan?
A
Plan Scope Management
7
Q
What are the outputs of the Collect Requirements process?
A
Project and product requirements
8
Q
What is the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?
A
A hierarchical decomposition of project deliverables into smaller, manageable tasks
9
Q
What is the process used to formalize the acceptance of completed project deliverables?
A
Validate Scope
10
Q
Fill in the blank: The _______ is developed to manage project and product requirements.
A
Requirement Management Plan
11
Q
What is the difference between product scope and project scope?
A
- Product scope: Set of functions and features that define the product
- Project scope: Work required to deliver the product
12
Q
What does the Control Scope process monitor?
A
The status of the project scope and product scope
13
Q
True or False: The project scope only refers to the work required to deliver the product.
A
True
14
Q
What types of documents serve as input for the Collect Requirements process?
A
- Business document: business case
- Project charter
- Agreements
- Requirement management plan
- Scope management plan
- Stakeholder engagement plan
- Assumptions log
- Lessons learned register
- Stakeholder register
15
Q
What is the goal of collecting requirements?
A
To ensure agreement on what is being delivered according to stakeholder needs
16
Q
Name a technique for gathering requirements through direct observation.
A
Observation and Conversation
17
Q
What is a focus group in the context of collecting requirements?
A
A set of prequalified stakeholders and subject matter experts discussing their opinions and expectations
18
Q
What is the role of expert judgment in the requirement collection process?
A
To assist in decision-making regarding requirements
19
Q
What is the significance of stakeholder requirements?
A
They form the basis of the project scope
20
Q
Fill in the blank: The _______ outlines how to prioritize, track, and report requirement-related activities.
A
Requirement Management Plan
21
Q
What is the main caution regarding product scope and project scope?
A
They are not independent; product scope influences project scope
22
Q
What process is used to break down project scope into manageable tasks?
A
Creating a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
23
Q
What is the importance of managing project scope?
A
To prevent the project from going off track
24
Q
True or False: The scope management plan is developed after the project has been initiated.
A
True
25
What is required before defining the project scope?
Knowledge of project and product requirements
26
What is the output of the Define Scope process?
A detailed description of the project and product scope
27
What is the purpose of a facilitated workshop?
To bring together cross-functional stakeholders to define product requirements and improve communication
28
What is benchmarking?
Comparing practices, products, or services of a project with those of reference projects for learning and improvement
29
Define brainstorming in the context of data collection.
A creative technique used in a group to gather ideas for solutions without immediate evaluation
30
What is an affinity diagram?
A technique that classifies a large number of ideas or data into groups to explore relationships among them
31
What is idea/mind mapping?
A visual technique that maps ideas around a central concept to understand relationships and generate new ideas
32
Describe the nominal group technique.
Combines brainstorming with discussion and ranking ideas by voting or scoring
33
What is prototyping?
A working model of a product created to collect requirements and gather stakeholder feedback
34
What does a context diagram illustrate?
The product scope by showing how the business system is used, including actors and information flow
35
What is the output of the Collect Requirements process?
Stakeholder requirements document and requirements management plan
36
What are business requirements?
Describes the business need for which the process was started
37
List the two types of solution requirements.
* Functional requirements
* Non-functional requirements
38
What is a requirements traceability matrix?
A table that traces each requirement back to its origin and tracks its progress throughout the project lifecycle
39
What is the primary purpose of the project scope statement?
To describe what needs to be accomplished by the project, including product and work
40
What is included in the project scope statement?
* Product scope description
* Product acceptance criteria
* Project assumptions and constraints
* Project deliverables
* Project exclusions
41
What are project deliverables?
Unique and verifiable project outcomes required to complete a project, process, or phase
42
True or False: The project scope includes only the project deliverables.
False
43
What should be done to ensure requirements are well-defined?
Ask how to measure or test the requirement
44
What is the role of expert judgment in scope definition?
To involve relevant experts to develop parts of the detailed project scope
45
What is product analysis?
A technique to hammer out the details of the product scope through various analytical methods
46
What types of skills are necessary in applying data-collection techniques?
Interpersonal and team skills, including conversational and articulation skills
47
What does the scope management plan provide?
Information on how the scope will be defined
48
Fill in the blank: The project charter is needed for __________ and approval requirements.
[high-level project and product descriptions]
49
What is the impact of requirements on a project?
Describes how requirements affect the project and external entities
50
What must be documented in project assumptions and constraints?
Specific assumptions related to the project scope and constraints limiting team options
51
What is the caution regarding the final version of each requirement?
It must be well defined and not vague
52
What does the impact of requirements describe?
The effects of requirements on the project and external entities
53
List the inputs to the Define Scope process.
* Project Charter
* Scope Management Plan
* Project Documents
54
What are the consequences of not correctly determining the project scope?
Scope creep and misalignment with stakeholder expectations
55
What is alternatives analysis?
An analysis technique used to evaluate different methods for implementing requirements
56
What does the project scope statement help with?
Evaluating change requests, making project decisions, and creating the WBS
57
What is the purpose of the project scope statement?
To provide a common understanding of the project scope and align stakeholder expectations
58
What key documents may need to be updated when defining the project scope?
* Requirement documentation
* Requirement traceability matrix
* Stakeholder register
* Assumptions log
59
What is a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?
A deliverable-oriented hierarchy of the work that must be performed to accomplish the project objectives
60
What is the main technique used to create a WBS?
Decomposition
61
What does the term 'decomposition' refer to in project management?
The technique for subdividing project deliverables into smaller, manageable tasks called work packages
62
What does WBS stand for?
Work Breakdown Structure
63
What is the output of the Create WBS process?
* Scope baseline
* WBS document
* WBS dictionary
64
What is a control account in project management?
A management point where scope, schedule, and cost are integrated for monitoring and controlling performance
65
What is the difference between a work package and a planning package?
A work package is an executable component, while a planning package is used for planning one or more work packages
66
What is the purpose of the WBS dictionary?
To provide detailed information about the components of the WBS
67
What does scope creep refer to?
Scope changes applied without going through the change control process
68
What is the first step in controlling scope?
Watch out for scope creep and determine whether it has occurred
69
What is 'rolling wave planning'?
A technique where deliverables that cannot be decomposed further are left at a higher level until more information is available
70
What is the main output of the Validate Scope process?
Formal acceptance of completed project deliverables
71
What is the importance of the scope baseline?
It serves as a component of the project management plan and can only be changed through formal change control procedures
72
Fill in the blank: If it’s not in the WBS, it _______.
will not be done
73
What is the primary focus during the Control Scope process?
Managing changes to the scope baseline and monitoring project scope status
74
What should be done even if the project is terminated?
Validate the scope with the appropriate party for documentation and lessons learned
75
What are the inputs for the Validate Scope process?
* Project management plan
* Accepted deliverables
* Work performance data
76
What is the role of variance analysis in scope control?
To compare actual work performance data against the performance measurement baseline
77
What does the scope management plan outline?
How to control the project scope
78
What should be done if scope creep has affected the project?
Take corrective action and investigate how it occurred to prevent future issues
79
What is the purpose of validating the scope of the project deliverables?
To ensure that all deliverables are completed as planned and expected.
80
What is the formally called process used in validating the scope?
Validate Scope.
81
List the steps involved in the Validate Scope process.
* Use the scope management plan to find planned procedure
* Study quality reports about verified deliverables
* Compare requirements with actual work performance data
* Use requirement management plan and traceability matrix
* Compare actual result to the scope baseline
* Generate change requests for deviations
* Use inspection techniques to create work performance information
* Hand over validated deliverables to appropriate parties
* Update affected documents.
82
True or False: Scope validation is the same as quality control.
False.
83
What does the project scope statement consist of?
Both project scope and product scope.
84
What is the output of the Create WBS process?
The scope baseline, which includes the WBS, WBS dictionary, and project scope statement.
85
Fill in the blank: Deviations and non-compliance found during validation may generate _______.
change requests.
86
What is the role of requirement documentation in scope management?
It is used for the rest of the scope processes and affects multiple project aspects.
87
What is the WBS?
A hierarchical structure in which the project scope is broken down into manageable tasks.
88
What are the components in the lowest level of the WBS hierarchy called?
Work packages.
89
Which process is performed first: quality control or validate scope?
Quality control.
90
Who typically creates the WBS?
The project manager with help from the project team.
91
What is the significance of the requirement traceability matrix?
It links requirements to project objectives, deliverables, and status.
92
What is the primary focus of scope management?
To ensure that the project includes all the required—and only the required—work.
93
What is the result of the Define Scope process?
The project scope statement.
94
What is the output of the plan scope management process?
The project scope management plan.
95
What is the best action if a developer starts adding new features without approval?
Learn about the features and make necessary updates to the WBS, schedule, and inform about the approval process.
96
What does the Control Scope process do?
It controls the planned scope and ensures it has been implemented.
97
What should be included in the project scope statement?
* Project scope
* Product scope
* Assumptions and constraints
* Exclusions.
98
What is the role of the quality reports in the Validate Scope process?
To find issues and recommendations for verified deliverables.
99
What is the relationship between requirements and project aspects?
Requirements directly or indirectly affect scope, schedule, cost, risk, and procurement.
100
True or False: The project scope statement includes the WBS.
False.
